带隙可调纳米带的可控合成及体异质结杂化太阳能电池研究

Based on the mechanism of exciton dissociation and carrier transportation in bulk heterojunction hybrid solar cell, taking advantage of high carrier mobility, transportation pathway, large-area heterojunction interface provided by the structural nature of nanoribbons, and response to visible light attributed to continuous adjustment of band gap of solid solution semiconductor, the project is planned to adopt the novel organic/solid solution inorganic nanoribbon hybrid solar cell, such as P3HT/CIGS, integrated with our research work on catalyst-assisted nanoribbon growth. Controlled catalysis on the growth of CIGS, CIZS nanoribbon, the structural characteristic of bulk heterojunction, the properties of excition dissociation within the heterojunction interface, the properties of carrier transportation in nanoribbon will be focused. The relationship between the nanoribbon and the bulk heterojunction will be demonstrated, and the influence order of nanoribbon on the quantum efficiency of hybrid solar cell will be elucidated. The project will provide theoretic guideline for hybrid solar cell with high quantum efficiency.

本项目依据有机无机杂化太阳能电池中激子分离和载流子输运的原理，利用纳米带结构特性提供的高载流子迁移率、输运通道、大面积异质结界面及固溶半导体能够实现宽范围光响应的特点，结合课题组纳米带催化生长的研究基础，提出采用无机固溶半导体CuInxGayS2、CuxInxZnyS2纳米带与有机分子构筑体异质结形成有机无机杂化太阳能电池。拟开展CuInxGayS2、CuxInxZnyS2纳米带的催化可控制备、与有机分子形成的异质结结构特性、异质结界面处激子分离特性、纳米带中载流子传输特性等研究;探明纳米带与有机分子形成的体异质结微纳结构特性的关系，阐明其与杂化太阳能电池量子效率的关系和影响规律，为实现高量子效率杂化太阳能电池提供理论指导。

本项目首先利用快离子导体纳米晶催化生长出CuxInxZn2-2xS2、CuInxGa1-xS2纳米带，并将其扩展到CuGaSxSe2-x纳米带、分级结构CuInS2中空微球、CuInS2纳米叶片等准二维或三维材料；然后将CuxInxZn2-2xS2、CuInxGa1-xS2纳米带与PCBM共混形成体异质结太阳能电池，通过替换纳米带表面配体，形成了有利的载流子传输通道，通过热处理获得了优化的相分离界面；通过纳米带组分调整影响了能带结构，进而影响其吸收光范围、太阳能电池中异质结的能级匹配，获得了优化的电池器件结构。