新型变压器油浸气体的产气机理、与变压器故障关联性及其光谱在线分析技术研究

Nowdays, the forecast precision of power transformer fault is still low. And there is such an argument that what gas is used to forecast power transformer fault is more reasonable. Aimed on these problems, production mechanism and generation law of novel oil-dissolved gas, such as C3 and C4, are going to be explored through implementing oil tempereature experiment,simulating power transformer fault. Then, the revalance between concentration of these of novel gas and power transformer fault is going to be built according to thermodynamics of insolation oil decomposing and the experiment result. And the frame that only 7 components of gas are used to forecast is broken up. At the same time, spectral analysis approach of oil-dissolved gas is developed. For this approach, more than 13 components of oil-dissolved gas, C3 and C4 are included, can be analyzed on line, and the analysis precision of oil-gases is high, analysis instrument is stable.Compared with 7 kinds of common oil-dissolved gas, such as CH4, C2H6, CO, CO2, C2H2, C2H4 and H2, novel oil-dissolved gas doesn't escape, and keeps natural information of power transformer fault. Compared with gas-chromatography, spectrometer has not open flame, is easy to be maintained. Furthermore, it has become smaller, lingther and cheaper. And more components of oil-dissolved gas can be analyzed, and much information can be used to forecast power transformer fault without increasing hardware cost by developing spectral analysis software. Technology foundation for developing new on-line monitoring system of power transformer fault with higher forcast precision, easy maintaintion and lower cost can be expected to be built by implementing this project.

针对目前变压器故障预测准确度不够高，以及目前存在的采用哪些气体进行预测更合理的争论等问题，本项研究拟通过油温实验、模拟变压器故障等实验探索C3和C4等新型溶解气体在变压器油中产生的产气机理与规律，并在此基础上，根据绝缘油分解产气热力学原理建立新型溶解气体成分、浓度的变化与变压器故障的关联性,突破现有基于7种特征气体信息的故障诊断框框。同时，开发出一套准确度高、稳定性强、便于标定的多组分变压器油溶解气体光谱分析技术，实现包括C3和C4气体在内的13组分以上的溶解气体在线准确分析。新型溶解气体不易"漏逸"，故障信息保真性强。新型光谱仪价格低、体积小、重量轻，且易于维护，通过开发合适的分析软件，可在不增加成本情况下实现更多组分变压器油溶解气体的分析，为变压器故障预测提供更多的信息。因此，本项目的开展有望为开发出预测更准确、更易维护、低成本的新一代变压器故障在线监测仪奠定技术基础。

针对目前变压器故障预测准确度不够高，以及目前存在的采用哪些气体进行预测更合理的争论等问题，本项目首先研究了多组分变压器油溶解气体光谱分析技术，然后进行了高仿真绝缘油中放电实验研究。. 在多组分气体红外光谱分析方法研究基础上，通过集成氢气传感器、温度和压力传感器，开发了一种基于傅里叶变换红外光谱分析法的油浸气体在线分析仪。该仪器通过温度和压力的补偿，基线处理与校正等方法，使得仪器准确度高、稳定性强、便于标定，可在线分析氢气、甲烷、乙烷、丙烷、异丁烷、正丁烷、乙烯、丙烯、乙炔、丙炔、一氧化碳和二氧化碳，实现了包括C3 和C4 气体在内的11组分绝缘油溶解气体在线准确分析。该仪器在山东莱芜变电站挂网运行了一年，结果表明，除了上述油浸气体，光谱分析法还探测到了疑似糠醛成分的吸收峰。. 本项目还开发了集单针-板、双针-板绝缘油/油纸放电、绝缘油中涡流加热、基于光纤传感器的放电声波探测实验装置，重复了绝缘油的油温实验，模拟了变压器放电故障等实验。实验结果表明，常规的油温实验，常规的气体交换脱气方式，很难将C3和C4气体从绝缘油中脱离出来，原有的真空脱气器性能不够，需要更高真空度的脱气才能将其从油中脱离出来；常规光纤声波传感器对放电声音的探测，灵敏度偏低，只有到出现严重的电弧放电才有明显的输出信号。单-针板、双针-板绝缘油/油纸放电实验结果表明，双针-板绝缘油/油纸放电情况要复杂得多，放电电压也要低。绝缘油中气体在线分析仪挂网运行一年多，由于变压器状态良好，尚未发现C3 和C4气体。因此，要建立良好的C3 和C4气体与变压器故障之间的关联系模型，还需购置真空度低、且稳定的真空脱气器，做进一步的深入研究。. 本项目发表论文18篇，其中SCI检索9篇，EI检索7篇，普通核心期刊论文1篇，待检索的EI论文1篇，申请发明专利13项，其中授权9项，培养硕士生9名，博士生3名。