专利代理服务对专利质量的作用机理研究

The problem of Chinese patent featuring "large number and poor quality" has become increasing significant. Academia and industry has been gradually emphasizing and recognizing the patent agency services' role in technological innovation. However, the issue of enhancement and confirmation of patent agency service standard has not been fully argued and clearly answered. Based on the related theories of industrial economics, science and technology management and knowledge management, particularly themed on the division of Qian Xuesen's three levels of natural sciences, this study is themed on the evaluation of patent quality, aims to improve patent quality, focuses on the patenting activity, analyses the difference of patent evaluation criteria of different hierarchies, revealing the internal mechanism affecting patent quality. In addition, the study builds patent agency services to enhance the theoretical model patents of patent quality, finds the mechanism and upgrading paths of patent quality of patent agency service under different hierarchies, thus expanding and deepening the patent related research thinking and space. Moreover, it shall also provide guidance and reference to the industry standards, service mode and responsibilities of patent agency services.

我国专利“数量大、质量差”的问题日趋显著，学术界和产业界已经逐步重视和肯定专利代理服务对科技创新的重要支撑作用，但是，如何针对专利质量的提升确立专利代理服务标准和模式这一问题尚没有得到充分地论证和清晰地解答。本研究根据产业经济学及科技管理、知识管理相关理论，特别是以钱学森关于自然科学三个层次结构的划分为依据，以专利质量的评价为主题，以专利质量的提升为目标，以专利代理服务为切入点，以专利活动的全过程为研究脉络，分析不同层次结构的专利评价标准的差异性，揭示专利代理服务影响专利质量的内在机理，构建专利代理服务提升专利质量的理论模型，发现专利代理服务对不同层次结构下的专利质量的作用机理及提升路径，从而拓展和深化专利相关研究的思路和空间，并且为专利代理服务业的行业标准、服务模式、职责内涵等方面提供指导和借鉴。

本研究针对我国专利“数量多、质量差”的问题，根据产业经济学及科技管理、知识管理相关理论，以专利质量的提升为目标，以专利代理服务为切入点，以专利活动的全过程为研究脉络，以钱学森关于自然科学三个层次结构的划分为依据，首先对专利质量进行了分类评价及实证检验，构建了基础型专利、技术型专利和应用型专利的评价体系；其次通过对知识产权服务政策文本的梳理与解析，构建了基于政策工具和知识产权价值链两大维度的政策内容分析框架，有效识别了知识产权服务政策体系存在的问题；最后在专利质量提升视角下解构了专利代理服务中合作创新行为的产生机理，并在此基础上揭示了专利代理服务影响专利质量的内在机理、构建了基于全过程的专利代理服务提升专利质量的理论模型，从而为专利质量、专利代理服务等相关研究提供新的思路和空间。