穗花韭种质资源评价、遗传多样性分析及数据库建立

Milula spicata is the only species that present in Liliaceae Milula Prain of the Milula spicata cluster. It is a precious plant grown in central Himalaya area within the altitude range of 2900-4800 m. Tibet is the only habitat in China for Milula spicata growth. Though Milula spicata is a conventional spice of local style and major wild vegetable in Tibet, study on Milula spicata is very limited. But in previous studies, we showed a huge divergence between different populations of Milula spicata.Hence, to focus on the important roles of Milula spicata to the local farmers and herdsmen in Tibet and the issues arisen from the exploitation and utilization process, (1)we plan to perform a resource collection and survey through the whole autonomous region, establish resource nursery and clarify the resource distribution range in Tibet; (2)perform systemic evaluation from botanical morphology, biological characteristics, quality, stress tolerance, disease and insect resistance; (3)analyze the genetic diversity on molecular level using SSR markers; (4)develop database for Milula spicata germplasm resources. New findings from this project will not only provide a full understanding of resource distribution range and edible value of Milula spicata, play a positive guiding role in the use of Milula spicata to serve the life of farmers and herdsmen; provide basic research data for protecting the resource and achieving sustainable exploitation and utilization; but also enrich vegetable germplasm resource in China, make full use of characteristic wild genetic resources and provide specific germplasms to promote the development of vegetable breeding.

穗花韭(Milula spicata)为百合科穗花韭族单一穗花韭属唯一种，是一种生长在喜马拉雅山脉中部海拔2900-4800米干燥高山牧场和草原上的稀有植物，在我国仅分布于西藏，是农牧民传统的特色调味品和主要野菜。目前对其研究报道极少，申请人前期研究表明不同居群间形态差异巨大。故针对穗花韭对农牧民的重要作用及在开发利用过程中存在的问题，本项目(1)拟在全区范围内抢救性搜集资源，建立资源圃，明确在西藏的分布范围；(2)从植物学形态、生物学特性、品质特性、抗逆性、抗病虫性等方面开展系统评价；(3)在分子水平上利用SSR 标记技术分析遗传多样性；(4)建立种质资源数据库。研究成果将对全面认识穗花韭的资源分布情况、食用价值进而使该资源科学服务农牧民的生产生活具有积极指导作用；对该资源可持续开发利用提供基础研究资料；为丰富我国蔬菜种质资源库，发挥特色野生基因资源促进蔬菜育种业的发展提供特异种质材料。