煤柱群下重复采动覆岩与地表沉陷机理与预测模型研究

Taking the specific mining engineering as the background, under the control of the key stratum, the instability mode of coal pillar group and the resulting surface subsidence laws and features will be studied, the development characteristics of overlying strata caving zone, fractured zone and bending zone will be analyzed, and overlying strata and surface movement and deformation angle parameters and probability integral prediction parameters will also be found by analyzing the measured data and test results. The subsidence mechanism of coal pillar group and surface cracks will be revealed by analyzing the evolution laws of displacement field, destruction field and stress field of the overlying strata during mining. An overlying strata subsidence coefficient model will be constructed according to measured data, test results, and the key stratum theory; it can reflect the key stratum control function. And then, a Multi-face mining overlying strata and surface subsidence dynamic prediction model will be created based on the stochastic medium theory, the key stratum theory, Knothe time function and the overlying strata subsidence coefficient model; and the key technique of the dynamic prediction model will also be further studied. The research not only be able to provide a scientific and reasonable guidance and assistance for this type of mining damage and treatment project, at the same time, but also be able to further enrich and improve the mining subsidence theory and the key stratum theory.

以具体矿山开采工程为研究背景，研究关键层控制下煤柱群的破坏失稳模式以及由此引起的地表移动变形规律和特点，分析该地质采矿条件下覆岩冒落带、裂隙带和弯曲带的发育特点，依据实测数据和试验结果，找出覆岩与地表移动变形的角量参数和概率积分预计参数；研究采动过程中覆岩位移场、破坏场和应力场的演化规律，揭示关键层控制下煤柱群的塌陷机理以及地表裂缝与台阶下沉的发育机理；结合实测数据、试验结果和关键层理论，建立能够体现关键层控制作用的覆岩内部下沉系数模型；基于随机介质理论、关键层理论、Knothe时间函数以及所建立的覆岩内部下沉系数模型，建立关键层控制下多工作面开采覆岩与地表沉陷动态预测模型，并对该预测模型的关键技术进行深入研究。研究成果不仅能够为该类地质采矿的采动损害预测与治理工程提供科学合理的指导和帮助，同时能够进一步丰富和完善开采沉陷理论和关键层理论。

通过对塔山矿8104工作面地表沉陷监测，获得了塔山矿煤柱群下重复采动地表下沉盆地的角量参数和概率积分法预计参数；采用数字全景成像技术对塔山矿覆岩内部沉陷进行监测，获得了实测关键层控制下煤柱群下重复采动覆岩沉陷规律；采用相似材料模拟实验获得了关键层控制下煤柱群的破坏失稳模式以及由此引起的地表移动变形规律和特点，分析了该地质采矿条件下覆岩冒落带、裂隙带和弯曲带的发育特点；同时采用FLAC3D反演分析了塔山矿8104工作面不同开采条件下应力场、破坏场和位移场的演化规律；揭示了关键层控制下煤柱群的塌陷机理以及地表裂缝与台阶下沉的发育机理；结合实测数据、试验结果和关键层理论，建立了能够体现关键层控制作用的覆岩内部下沉系数模型；基于随机介质理论、关键层理论、Knothe时间函数以及所建立的覆岩内部下沉系数模型，建立了关键层控制下多工作面开采覆岩与地表沉陷动态预测模型；根据采空区达到充分采动时回采区段的尺寸，发展了对求取Knothe时间函数参数的区间估算法，并以实测数据验证了该方法的正确性；采用所建立的预计模型反演分析了8104工作面覆岩与地表移动规律及覆岩离层发育规律。