磷在人工湿地植物根表生物膜/水微界面的反应过程及形态转化

Substrate/plant/microbe micro-interfaces were important for phosphorus removal in constructed wetlands. Plant root surface biofilm/water micro-interface was the most important micro-interface in constructed wetlands. Phosphorus removal could be achieved by both microbes and iron and manganese oxides on the root surface biofilm/water micro-interface. However, the combined mechanisms of phosphorus removal were not clear. Environmental engineering, molecular biology, microbiology, mineralogy and physical chemistry theory will be used in this project to investigate reaction mechanisms and morphological transformation behaviors of different phosphorus on the plant root surface biofilm/water micro-interface in contructed wetlands. Removal characteristic and regularity mechanisms of different phosphorus on plant root biofilm will be revealed. The role and contribution of microbes, iron and manganese oxides on plant root surface will be clarified during the phosphorus morphological transformation process. Influence of plant oxygen and carbon release to phosphorus removal on plant root surface biofilm will be studied. Then, theories and methods of enhanced phosphorus removal in constructed wetlands will be proposed. The results can not only enrich phosphorus removal theory, but also enhance phosphorus removal process in constructed wetland systems. Therefore, the work done by this project has important theory and practice meanings.

填料/植物/微生物等各种微界面是人工湿地实现除磷过程的重要载体和场所。植物根系表面生物膜/水微界面作为人工湿地中重要的环境微界面，可通过微生物-铁锰氧化物耦合作用除磷，但其耦合除磷机制尚不明确。本研究以人工湿地生态处理系统植物根表生物膜为研究对象，运用环境工程学、分子生物学、微生物学、矿物学及物理化学的方法和理论，系统研究水体中不同形态的磷素在人工湿地植物根表生物膜/水微界面的反应机制和转化行为，揭示根系表面微生物、铁锰氧化物对不同形态磷素去除的特征性过程和规律性机制，阐明植物根系表面生物膜微生物、铁锰氧化物在磷形态转化过程中的贡献和作用，分析植物泌氧释碳对微生物-铁锰复合氧化物耦合除磷作用的影响，进而提出强化人工湿地除磷的理论和方法。项目成果对丰富人工湿地系统除磷理论、调节和强化人工湿地除磷过程，具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。

填料/植物/微生物等各种微界面是人工湿地实现除磷过程的重要载体和场所。植物根系表面生物膜/水微界面作为人工湿地中重要的环境微界面，可通过微生物-铁锰氧化物耦合作用除磷，但其耦合除磷机制尚不明确。本研究通过明确湿地植物根系泌氧释碳对根系表面微生物、铁锰氧化物生成的响应机制，探明不同形态磷酸盐在根表生物膜/水微界面的反应、转化规律，分析植物泌氧释碳对根表生物膜除磷过程的影响，揭示植物根系表面生物膜微生物、铁锰氧化物在磷形态转化过程中的贡献和作用，阐明植物根系表面微生物、铁锰氧化物协同转化磷素的行为。项目成果对丰富人工湿地系统除磷理论、调节和强化人工湿地除磷过程，具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。..