中药提取液表界面特性及其对喷雾干燥过程的影响

Spray drying has unique advantage in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) extract drying. At present, most of researches are process optimization for different prescriptions. There is not enough attention paid to the basic research about the relationship between the characteristics of TCM extracts and the spray drying process. Our previous studies have found that different kinds of extracts have different drying behaviors. And the research achievements from other industries are not suitable for TCM. Therefore, according to the microcosmic analysis of the spray drying process, we raise a point that TCM extracts’ surface and interfacial properties affect the spray drying process, effectiveness and the dried product properties. Through studying the relationship between the TCM extracting solution surface and interfacial properties and other physical and chemical properties, we will set forth the extracting solution characteristics. By the dynamic variation of surface and interfacial properties during spray drying, the micro interfacial factors of drying effect will be analyzed. Thereby the role of surface and interfacial properties will be clarified in judging feasibility of spray drying. Using grey relational analysis and WEKA tools, the influence of the extracting solution surface and interfacial properties on dried product properties will be explored. This study could provide new ideas and be used as the theoretical basis of studying the problems arising from TCM spray drying process. There is also important significance on the property optimization study of TCM pharmaceutical raw materials.

喷雾干燥在中药提取液干燥中具有独特应用优势，但目前的研究多为单个品种的工艺优化，对于中药提取液的干燥特点及与喷雾干燥过程的关系等基础研究关注尚少。我们前期研究发现不同种类提取液的喷雾干燥行为各不相同，其他行业的研究成果不完全适用于中药。因此，根据对喷雾干燥过程的微观分析，从中药提取液的理化性质入手，提出中药提取液表界面特性对喷雾干燥过程、效果、产品物性有重要影响的观点。通过对中药提取液的表界面特性与其他理化性质的关系研究阐明提取液的表界面特性特点；通过考察喷雾干燥过程表界面特性的动态变化，分析影响干燥效果的微观界面因素，阐明表界面特性在判断中药提取液喷雾干燥可行性中的作用；利用灰色关联分析和WEKA工具，探索提取液的表界面特性对干燥产品物性的影响。本研究为分析和解决中药喷雾干燥过程中出现的问题提供新的研究思路和理论基础，对中药制剂原料的物性优化研究有重要意义。

本研究共计考察了66种中药提取液，建立了中药提取液的化学组分分析方法和表界面特性等物理属性的评价方法；通过流体力学分析了喷雾干燥参数对干燥效果的影响；利用统计分析及数据挖掘工具，分析了中药提取液化学属性与表界面特性之间的关系；建立了中药提取液理化特性对喷雾干燥过程的影响；分析了中药提取液理化性质与喷雾干燥黏壁的相关关系，并阐明了对黏壁有重大影响的化学组分；探索了提取液表界面特性对干燥产品物性的影响；通过以上研究发现，中药提取液表界面特性对喷雾干燥过程、效果、产品物性有一定的影响；有机酸和小分子糖是喷雾干燥热熔型黏壁的物质基础；提取液的黏度对雾化粒径的影响远大于表面特性；利用流体力学可以清晰地模拟动态流体运动状态；是分析喷雾干燥过程的有力手段；应保证待喷液浓度在0.01g/ml以上，以免浓度过低影响喷雾干燥收率；WEKA、互信息、关联规则等数据挖掘手段对分析中药复杂成分，多种物性，及多样本多自变量多因变量的大数据具有不可比拟的优势，可以挖掘庞杂数据内部的隐性相关关系。