基于驾驶员视觉特性的公路弯道路段车辆行驶轨迹控制机理及模型研究

Statistical research shows that there is a close relationship between small radius curve and high accident rates, and the prevailing accidents types in horizontal curve section is mainly caused by frequent faulty behaviors by drivers. It is impossible to make a distinction between the conscious faulty behavior and the unconscious faulty behavior of drivers only considering of the speed behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to study the paths or trajectories of vehicles.In the view of the present problem in neglecting drivers' factors, this project starts with the driver characteristics, especially studied the visual performance in driving process and reveal its effect on driver trajectories adjustment based on the driver visual performance and the vehicle operation characteristics. And then, taking the expected curvature as the breakthrough point, the vehicle trajectory adjustment mechanism and control model in road curved section based on driver visual performance is systematically studied.The results will provide key theoretical basis and technology support for analysis of comprehensive driving behavior and control vehicle trajectory matching with road traffic environment, at the same time it also can provide certain theoretical basis for designing of highway alignment and facilities, traffic accident prevention, establishing countermeasure and also provides guarantee for traffic safety.

统计研究表明，小半径曲线路段与高事故率之间存在密切关系,对事故原因分析可知事故的发生主要由于频繁的错误驾驶行为所导致。传统对驾驶行为的研究只考虑速度行为,然而仅从速度行为角度考虑，无法区分驾驶员的有意识错误行为和无意识错误行为，因此有必要对车辆行驶轨迹进行深入研究。针对目前研究中对驾驶员因素的忽视，本项目从驾驶员特性入手，以视觉特性为观察变量，结合外在车辆运行特性，重点研究驾驶员行车中的视觉特性及其与车辆行驶轨迹行为的相互影响关系，揭示驾驶员视觉与轨迹选择的内在机理，并以期望曲率为切入点，以驾驶员视觉因素为关键变量，系统地研究并建立基于驾驶员视觉特性的公路弯道路段车辆行驶轨迹动态控制模型。研究结果将为综合驾驶行为分析、实时控制与道路交通环境相匹配的车辆行驶轨迹提供关键理论基础和技术支撑，同时也能为指导公路弯道路段线形设计、道路设施设计、加强交通事故预防和对策制定提供一定的理论依据。

统计研究表明，小半径曲线路段与高事故率之间存在密切关系,对事故原因分析可知事故的发生主要由于频繁的错误驾驶行为所导致。传统对驾驶行为的研究只考虑速度行为,然而仅从速度行为角度考虑，无法区分驾驶员的有意识错误行为和无意识错误行为，因此有必要对车辆行驶轨迹进行深入研究。.针对目前研究中对驾驶人因素的忽视，本项目从驾驶人特性入手，通过眼动仪和心生理测量平台，对驾驶人的注视特性、眼动特性以及心生理特性进行了研究；通过摄像法获取了二级双向双车道公路的车辆运行轨迹，重点依托驾驶人的注视特性（注视点、注视角、注视区域），结合外在车辆运行特性，研究了驾驶人行车中的视觉特性及其与车辆行驶轨迹行为的相互影响关系，揭示了驾驶人视觉与轨迹选择的内在机理，并以期望曲率为切入点，以驾驶人视觉因素为关键变量，系统地研究并建立驾驶人公路弯道路段车辆行驶轨迹动态控制模型。.研究结果将为综合驾驶行为分析、实时控制与道路交通环境相匹配的车辆行驶轨迹提供关键理论基础和技术支撑，同时也能为指导公路弯道路段线形设计、道路设施设计、加强交通事故预防和对策制定提供一定的理论依据。.