Bradykinin B2 receptor (B2R) plays an essential role in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia. Our previous studies revealed that B2R expression was enhanced after ischemic reperfusion. B2R facilitated apoptosis in the early-phase and however, increased cell survival in the late-phase. So far, little is known about the mechanisms of B2R expression regulation in cerebral ischemia. We found that there are several response elements for four transcription factors including hypoxia-inducible factor-1-alpha (HIF-1α) in the B2R promoter region through bioinformatics analysis. In addition, recent studies demonstrated that HIF-1α played divergent roles with increased expression in cerebral ischemia, which is similar to B2R. However,whether HIF-1α can regulate B2R expression in cerebral ischemia is unknown. Preliminary experiments demonstrated that the B2R mRNA level is significantly decreased after HIF-1α knockdown using siRNA in neurons under hypoxic conditions compared with control.In this study, we will determine the specific binding site of HIF-1α in B2R promoter region and demonstrate the B2R expression regulated by HIF-1α in cells and mouse models. Furthermore, the function of B2R in ischemic cerebral injury regulated by HIF-1α will be revealed. In conclusion, this study will reveal the expression mechanisms of B2R and the role of HIF-1α in cerebral ischemia, which will provide novel targets to prevent cerebral injury in the different phases of ischemic reperfusion and help develop therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke.
缓激肽B2受体(B2R)在脑缺血多种病理生理过程中发挥重要作用,我们前期研究表明缺血再灌注后脑内B2R诱导表达,且在缺血的不同时期表现出双向调节的作用,但目前对其表达调控的影响机制并不清楚。课题组前期通过生物信息学分析发现包括缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)在内的四个转录因子的作用靶位位于B2R启动子区,且最新研究表明脑缺血后HIF-1α出现类似于B2R的诱导表达及双向作用,那么,HIF-1α在脑缺血中能否调控B2R的表达?初步定量分析已发现基因敲降HIF-1α后缺氧细胞中B2R的表达明显下调。本研究拟通过干预HIF-1α的表达,进一步观察其对B2R表达及功能的调控作用。并通过确定B2R启动子区HIF-1α的结合位点,及其与HIF-1α结合能力的实验验证阐明该调控机制。最终明确通过调控HIF-1α的表达是否可以挽救缺血再灌注不同时期的脑损伤,为发展缺血性卒中的治疗对策和药物设计提供帮助。
缺氧诱导因子-1α(Hypoxia inducible factor-1α,HIF-1α)是一种维持体内氧平衡的最重要的调节因子,其在低氧条件下通过调控缺氧反应性基因的表达,而使组织对低氧产生适应性反应的转录因子。只有当组织缺氧时,HIF-1α才可被活化并转位至细胞核,且需与HIF-1β相互作用形成异二聚体,后者识别并结合到相应靶基因的缺氧应答元件(HRE)上,最终启动并调控靶基因的表达。我们的研究发现,脑缺血再灌注后HIF-1α表现出类似于缓激肽B2受体(B2R)的双向功能(再灌注早期加重缺血性脑损伤,而晚期则起到抗细胞凋亡作用)、诱导表达和细胞分布,且生物信息学预测出B2R启动子区存在与HIF-1α结合的作用位点HRE。进一步siRNA干扰神经元中HIF-1α行real-time PCR研究表明,缺氧复氧后不同时间点细胞中B2R的表达较对照组均有不同程度降低,其中复氧后12-72h降低最明显,这些结果均提示我们,缓激肽B2R很可能是HIF-1α所调控的靶基因。接下来,我们又进行了荧光素酶报道基因试验,但并未发现HIF-1α与B2R启动子区相互结合的证据,提示HIF-1α可能间接调控B2R的表达与功能。以往研究较多的关于HIF-1α的功能多在肿瘤微缺氧的环境下探讨其作用机制,而在皮层下血管性痴呆(SVD)大鼠模型(双侧颈内动脉结扎)中出现大鼠脑慢性低灌注性缺氧,在这种慢性缺氧环境下,HIF-1α是否也可能发挥一定的作用?我们通过结扎大鼠双侧颈内动脉制作SVD模型,发现在该模型中HIF-1α出现诱导表达,且发现经HIF-1α抑制剂(YC-1)预处理的野生鼠,后予双侧颈内动脉结扎制作SVD鼠模型,发现大鼠脑血管内皮细胞NOTCH3表达明显降低,这使我们想到,HIF-1α在SVD中是否也发挥一定的作用,且与NOTCH3有一定的关系。为此,我们选取30例SVD患者行PET检查,发现该类患者丘脑、壳核、小脑葡萄糖代谢明显降低,而旁中央小叶运动区糖代谢明显增高,提示皮层运动区对皮层下可能起到一定代偿作用,同时我们对该类患者NOTCH3基因外显子测序,发现该基因第3、4、16、17外显子存在基因多态性改变,综上所述,HIF-1α不仅在脑大血管缺血再灌注损伤中发挥作用,同时在脑小血管病SVD中也可能发挥重要作用,且这种作用可能与NOTCH3基因有一定关联,有待于进一步研究。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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