典型颗粒态有机污染物经呼吸的生物可给性及其影响因素

The inhalation bioaccessibility of particle-bound organic contaminants is critical to evaluating their derived human health risk. The proposed study will select typical hydrophobic organic contaminants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), as target compounds, and develop an in-vitro approach for determining the inhalation bioaccessibility of particle-bound organic contaminants with examining the effects of assay parameters including lung simulated fluids, solid/liquid ratios, particle pre-loaded membrane, incubation time, and addition of sorbents. The reliability of the developed approach will be validated by an in-vivo method with rats. The developed approach will be applied to determine the inhalation bioaccessibility of particle-bound PAHs and PBDEs from typical particle emission fume sources, such as e-waste, biomass, cigarette, and barbecue. The impacts of physical-chemical properties of organic contaminants and parameters of particles, such as size, contents of organic matters and morphology, on the inhalation.bioaccessibility of organic contaminants will be examined. In addition, we also intend to use the in-vitro method to evaluate the inhalation bioaccessibility of particle-bound organic contaminants in the indoor and outdoor environment, and the derived human health risk will be assessed. The results of the proposed study are expected to provide the technical and data supports for better assessment of human health effects exposed to the particle-bound organic contaminant.

颗粒态有机污染物经呼吸的生物可给性是精确评估其产生的健康风险的关键因素。本项目拟选择典型有机污染物多环芳烃（PAHs）和多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）作为目标物，通过设定不同实验条件（肺部模拟液、固液比、颗粒物负载膜、培养时间、吸附剂的加入），建立采用人体模拟肺部液评估大气颗粒态疏水性有机污染物经呼吸的生物可给性的体外模拟方法，并将该方法与体内活体动物实验暴露结果进行相验证。将建立的该方法用于确定典型颗粒物排放源（电子垃圾焚烧、生物质燃烧、吸烟及烧烤）释放的PAHs或PBDEs的生物可给性，探讨各种影响因素（颗粒物粒径分布、有机质含量及表面形态）对颗粒态有机污染物生物可给性的调控作用。同时，将方法应用于室外内大气颗粒态有机污染物的呼吸生物可给性的评估，由此评价相应的健康风险。本项目的预期研究成果可为更精确地评估颗粒态有机污染物产生的健康效应提供技术和数据支撑。

颗粒态有机污染物经呼吸的生物可给性是精确评估其产生的健康风险的关键因素。本项目主要通过构建人体肺部模拟液评估大气颗粒态有机污染物经呼吸的生物可给性的体外模拟方法，并将该方法与体外实验相互验证，探究不同因素对颗粒态有机污染物生物可给性的调控作用，同时将评估室外大气颗粒态有机污染物的呼吸暴露风险。项目的主要取得成果包括（1）建立了大气颗粒态有机污染物经呼吸的生物可给性的体外模拟方法；（2）确定了不同排放源（电子垃圾、木炭及香烟燃烧）释放的颗粒态多环芳烃的生物可给态比例，发现了有机污染物的疏水性及颗粒中有机碳/黑碳是调控颗粒态有机污染物的生物可给性最重要的两个因素，粒径的影响作用相对较小；（3）发现了我国三个典型城市（北京、上海及广州）室外大气颗粒态多环芳烃的生物可给态比例有所差异，融合粒径沉降效率及污染物生物可给性的风险暴露评估发现其对居民产生暴露风险并未超过阈值；（4）构建了小动物气溶胶仅鼻暴露系统，发现小鼠通过仅鼻暴露烟气中尼古丁后尿液排泄量并未呈现增加趋势，且暴露组小鼠蛋白与对照组存在明显差异。项目获得的结果为颗粒态有机污染物的风险暴露提供了数据和方法支持。由于疫情原因，项目申请相关发明专利2项，发表标注项目资助国际SCI论文3篇，培养博士生2名，硕士研究生4名。