全介质超构材料的可调超窄带光谱响应现象、机理及应用研究

Meta-materials with ultra-narrowband spectrum (UNBS) effects have very extensive application value and great exploitation foreground in the field of photo-electricity functional devices. How to realize the materials with easily tunable UNBS effect has long been pursued by the domestic and overseas researchers. Based on the lossless or ultralow absorption loss dielectric structures, this project is to build a layered dielectric meta-material (LDMM), study the characteristics of strong electromagnetic resonant spectrum, master the conditions and mechanisms of how to carry out the tunable UNBS, and further explore its applications in optoelectronic transmission and modulation. The main contents of this project include: 1) to design the LDMM and to do investigations on the resonances of the unit cell and the coupling effects between the spatially located different resonators, and then to show the mechanism of the UNBS; 2) to analysis the symmetry-breaking, short-rang order, the distinct responses for the optical modes in the layered system and their hybridized coupling effects, to improve and amend the theoretical models, and then to achieve the consistency of study “from matter to physics”, and finally to master the method to realize the tunable UNBS effects and their physical mechanisms; 3) to do deep study on the composite multiple element systems and get the method of large-area fabrication at low-cost, to further explore the potential applications and lay the foundation for the fabrication and applications and popularizations of the optoelectronic functional materials based on the LDMM structures with UNBS effects.

具有超窄带光谱（UNBS）响应的超构材料在光电功能器件领域具有广阔的应用前景。如何设计具有UNBS效应且性能易于调控的新型材料体系一直是国内外关注的一个热点。本项目拟构筑基于无损耗或超低吸收损耗介电结构的全介质分层超构材料（LDMM），通过研究该体系的强电磁共振光谱响应特征，掌握实现可调UNBS的条件与机理，探索其在光电传输与调控等方面的应用。主要内容包括：1）设计LDMM，研究谐振单元的共振模式以及不同结构单元在空间区域的耦合效应，给出UNBS响应的物理机制；2）分析结构单元的对称破缺、短程有序、分层共振体系光学模式的差异性及其杂化耦合效应，修正和完善相关理论模型，实现“由物及理”的一致性，掌握实现UNBS响应且可多维度调控的方法和内在机理；3）深入研究多元复合共振体系，反馈并优化LDMM大面积低成本制备的方法，进一步探索其潜在应用，为基于UNBS响应的光电材料的制备及应用推广奠定基础。

具有窄带光谱或高Q值特性的光学共振效应在光谱调控、开关操作、光学传感与检测等光电功能材料与器件领域具有非常重要的意义，是推动高性能光电器件发展的核心要素。如何设计具有强的电磁共振效应且光谱带宽窄又易于有效调控的新型结构体系一直以来都是国内外同行关注的热点之一。本项目结合前期研究积累，围绕项目规划，开展了一系列研究探索，主要研究内容包括：1，设计了基于全介质分层超构材料，获得了在光学波段产生多频段窄带高Q的共振透射，并进一步应用于环境和生物分子的传感检测，传感对比率高达34 dB的生物蛋白质分子膜层的传感。基于全介电超构材料的高Q光谱响应，获得了超低的检测极限，对分子膜层厚度的检测极限可以到亚纳米量级。2，拓展高介电超构材料体系到常规的半导体材料如Si, InAs, GaAs, InP等，深入探索了半导体谐振单元及其耦合体系的电磁共振特性，进而发现了半导体共振耦合所具有的类金属等离激元共振效应的电磁热点（hotspots）现象；构建了多带陷波透射光谱，获得了近100%的光谱对比率。3. 利用硅基超薄共振结构，获得了三频带完美光学吸收型超构材料，在半导体结构层厚度只有共振波长的1/10（60 nm）这一深亚波长范围中，获得了吸收效率高达97%的高效吸收。4. 结合半导体谐振单元与金属膜层结构，设计和实现了同时具备完美光学吸收与完美电学电导特性的新型光电功能材料与器件模型。5. 基于硅膜层微腔与金属颗粒分层体系，实验上获得了具有正反两方向差异性光学Janus色彩显示的结构体系。6. 运用其他高介电材料如TiN, TiO2等获得了在太阳能频谱范围内的近完美光吸收。7. 利用二维材料石墨烯构建了新型的超窄带高Q共振结构，获得了可以光学偏振与电场准定量调控的吸收器模型与开关操作。8. 运用超薄硅膜层微腔，提升了拉曼散射分子检测的性能，获得了更高稳定性的超低分子浓度检测。