迁移距离、社会网络嵌入与异地创业成长研究

“Guo Jiang long” entrepreneurship is a unique entrepreneurial phenomenon in the process of China's economic transformation, while the extant theory is not enough to explain why entrepreneurs from strange land whose resources and status are at a disadvantage can “cross the river and be successful”. The essence of entrepreneurship in strange land lies in the migration, transformation and utilization process of knowledge, network and resources. At the same time, this process largely determines the basic judgment of entrepreneurial growth in strange land. Based on the Embeddedness Theory, Structural Theory and ambidexterity theory, this project adopts the research design which integrates second-hand data and first-hand research data, focusing on exploring the process of the migration distance of entrepreneurs in strange land affecting their network structure and behavior, thus promoting the growth of start-ups, as well as the mechanism of construction of human capital and substitution of social capital in strange land in this process, extracting a dynamic balance mode which explains how entrepreneurs in strange land can detach themselves from the network of the same ethnic group and manage the embeddedness of the mixed network. The research of this project helps to construct a theoretical framework that explains the phenomenon of “cross the river and be successful”, enriching the model of cross-level driving factors for the growth of start-ups, adding new interpretation of how spatial distance influences the network effects, and provide more operational practical enlightenment for government policy makers and entrepreneurs at the same time.

“过江龙”创业是中国经济转型进程中一个独特的创业现象，但现有理论并不足以解释资源与地位处于劣势的异地创业者为何能“过江成龙”。基于异地创业的本质在于知识、网络以及资源的迁移、转化和利用过程，同时这一过程在很大程度上决定了异地创业成长的基本判断。本项目以嵌入性理论、结构化理论和双元平衡理论为基础，采用二手数据和一手调研相结合的研究设计，重点探索异地创业者迁移距离影响其网络结构与行为进而推动创业企业成长的过程规律以及在这一过程中人力资本构建和替代异地社会资本的机制，提炼异地创业者如何脱嵌同族群网络并管理混合网络嵌入的动态平衡模式。项目研究有助于构建解释“过江成龙”现象的理论框架，丰富创业企业成长的跨层次驱动因素模型，增加空间距离如何影响网络效应的新解释，同时对政府决策者和创业者提供更具操作性的实践启示。

项目研究的一个最主要目的就是考察中国转型经济背景下异地创业现象的生成机理。基于此，项目主要聚焦于三个关键科学问题：异地创业是如何产生的？异地创业者如何实现人力资本与社会资本的互动转换？异地创业企业的成长存在何种规律？项目组通过企业访谈、问卷调查和二手数据分析对中国转型经济背景下独特的异地创业现象展开深入的分析。项目执行期内发表学术期刊论文21篇，其中SSCI收录论文9篇，一作/通讯作者9篇。论文发表期刊包括： FT-50期刊JBV（Journal of Business Venturing）1篇，英国商学院协会（ABS）3星级期刊SBE(Small Business Economics)2篇、JSBM（Journal of Small Business Management）1篇，《管理世界》3篇、《管理科学学报》1篇和《南开管理评论》1篇等。此外，项目研究成果曾获得获美国创业与中小企业研究会（United States Association for Small Business and Entrepreneurship）最佳实证研究论文奖（2022）、广东省第九届教育教学成果一等奖（2020）、广东省第八届哲学社会科学优秀成果二等奖（2019）、广东省第九届哲学社会科学优秀成果二等奖（2次，2021）等奖项。这些项目研究成果不仅能深化对异地创业现象的理论认识，而且能推动创业社会网络的前沿研究，同时对政府决策者、创业实践者提供更具操作性的实践指引。