介孔方钠石固体碱的制备及其催化性能研究

Up to now, Mesoporous solid bases were limited in industrial processes due to their poor stability and leaching of active species. It is necessary to develop a new kind of mesoporous solid base with high stability , activity and reusability. Montmorillonite is a kind of natural non-metallic layered mineral which is rich in JiangXi province. Montmorillonite is to be transformed into nano hydroxy sodalite fragments in alkaline hydrothermal condition after it was mechanochemically activated through ball-grinding. These nanocrystals species are to be assembled under the micellization organization induced by cationic surfactant such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide or nonionic surfactant like the block copolymer pluronic P123 with the help of cosolvent (tert-butyl alcohol) and additive (1,3,5-trimethyl benzene). We hope that thus-prepared materials is an excellent mesoporous solid base with large specific area , crystalline pore wall, high thermal and hydrothermal stability. Its catalytic activities will be investigated by the oxidation of 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6- tetramethylpiperidine and Knoevenagel reaction between isopropyl benzene formaldehyde and ethyl cyanacetate.

针对目前介孔固体碱稳定性差、易失活等现状，以江西丰富的膨润土矿为原料，在球磨机械作用部分破坏蒙脱石晶体结构的基础上，全面利用蒙脱石中的硅和铝物种，将蒙脱石在碱性水热环境中进行转晶，并利用阳离子型表面活性剂（十六烷基三甲基溴化铵或聚季铵盐-6）或非离子表面活性剂（聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯-聚氧乙烯P123）在共溶剂和溶胀剂的帮助下对所形成的纳米晶体进行组装，拟制备出具有较大的比表面积且具有晶态孔壁的高热稳定性、水热稳定性碱性介孔分子筛，分别以立体受阻胺4-羟基-2，2，6，6-四甲基哌啶的氧化反应及异丙基苯甲醛和氰基乙酸乙酯的Knoevenagel 缩合反应为探针反应，对所制备的介孔分子筛的碱催化性能进行考察，以期获得一种稳定性优良碱催化性能优异的固体碱催化剂。

针对目前介孔固体碱稳定性差、易失活等现状，以江西省丰富的膨润土矿为原料，在球磨机械作用部分破坏蒙脱石晶体结构的基础上，全面利用蒙脱石中的硅和铝物种，将蒙脱石在碱性水热环境中进行转晶，并利用阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵或非离子表面活性剂P123对所形成的纳米晶进行组装，制备出具有较大比表面积且具有晶态孔壁的高热稳定型水热稳定性碱性介孔分子筛。以立体受阻胺（4-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶）的氧化及异丙基苯甲醛和氰基乙酸乙酯的Knoevenagel缩合反应为指针反应，对所制备的介孔分子筛进行了碱催化性能测试，研究结果表明：所制备的介孔方钠石具有较好的碱催化活性。