复配捕收剂强化低阶煤浮选的微观分子吸附与介观微滴铺展协同机制

Flotation is an efficient way of low rank coal slime upgrading. But efficient utilization of low rank coal slime is suffering the prominent problem of low flotation efficiency, high collector consumption and high cost, which resulted from due to oxygen-containing functional groups and poor hydrophobicity. In this project, mixed collectors of hydrocarbon oil and common oxygen-containing organic compounds are taken as the research objective. The mechanism of mixed collectors enhancing low rank coal flotation is extended from micro-scale to micro-meso dual scale, and a new perspective that adsorption and spreading should be matched is proposed. Physical properties cognition, micro molecular, meso droplet and macro flotation are the main research line. Using analytical test, molecule dynamics simulation, lattice Boltzmann simulation and flotation experiments, four research contents will be studied, including: 1) hydrophilic and hydrophobic sites distribution and wetting characteristics of low rank coal surface, 2) matching mechanism in adsorption process between mixed collectors molecule and low rank coal surface, 3) spreading behavior and driving mechanism of mixed collectors droplet on low rank coal surface, 4) property control of mixed collectors and process intensification of low rank coal flotation. Finally, a synergy mechanism of micro molecular adsorption and meso droplet spreading in mixed collectors enhancing low rank coal flotation will be established. A property control method of mixed collectors based on multiscale fusion will be proposed. Process intensification of low rank coal flotation will be realized, providing theoretical and technical support for low rank coal upgrading through high efficient flotation.

浮选是低阶煤煤泥提质的有效途径，但低阶煤表面含氧官能团多、疏水性差，由此导致的浮选效率低、捕收剂耗量大、成本高是制约其高效利用的突出难题。项目以烃油和常见含氧有机物组成的复配捕收剂为研究对象，将复配捕收剂强化浮选机理从微观尺度扩展至微观-介观双尺度，提出吸附和铺展需协调匹配的新观点。以物性认知-微观分子-介观微滴-宏观浮选为主线，采用分析测试、分子动力学模拟、格子Boltzmann模拟及浮选试验相结合，开展以下研究：1）低阶煤表面亲水/疏水位点分布特征及润湿特性；2）复配捕收剂分子与低阶煤表面吸附过程的匹配机制；3）复配捕收剂微滴在低阶煤表面的铺展行为和驱动机理；4）复配捕收剂性能调控与低阶煤浮选过程强化。最终建立复配捕收剂强化低阶煤浮选的微观分子吸附与介观微滴铺展协同机制，提出基于多尺度融合的复配捕收剂性能调控方法，实现低阶煤浮选过程强化，为低阶煤高效浮选提质利用提供理论依据与技术支撑。

我国低阶煤资源丰富，探明储量约5752亿吨，约占煤炭资源量的55%，产量约占煤炭总产量的40%，是我国煤炭能源生产和供应的重要组成部分。浮选是低阶煤煤泥提质的有效途径，但低阶煤表面含氧官能团多、疏水性差，由此导致的浮选效率低、捕收剂耗量大、成本高是制约其高效利用的突出难题。本项目以烃油和含氧有机物组成的复配捕收剂为研究对象，采用物性认知-微观分子-介观微滴-宏观浮选作为研究路线，通过分析测试、数值模拟和浮选试验相结合，研究了低阶煤表面亲水/疏水位点分布特征及润湿特性，探索了复配捕收剂分子与低阶煤表面吸附过程的匹配机制，揭示了复配捕收剂微滴在低阶煤表面的铺展行为和驱动机理，实现了复配捕收剂性能调控与低阶煤浮选过程强化。本项目将复配捕收剂强化浮选机理从微观尺度扩展至微观-介观双尺度，构建了复配捕收剂强化低阶煤浮选的微观分子吸附与介观微滴铺展协同机制，形成了基于多尺度融合的复配捕收剂性能调控方法，提高了低阶煤浮选效率，为低阶煤高效浮选提质利用提供了理论依据与技术支撑。