巢湖流域典型地质富磷区岩源磷释放强度与迁移转化规律研究

Phosphorus is the critical factor for controlling lake eutrophication.Both the strata in the basin area of Chaohu Lake and Dianchi lake which are the two of the three most important and seriously polluted lakes of our country are rich in phosphorus.The rock phosphorus would eventually go into the lakes and contribute to the eutrophication.It is significant to understand the knowledge of release, migration and transformation of phosphorus for controlling the phosphorus pollution and eutrophication of the similar lakes. Most researches focused on the phosphorus from human activities, researches on rock phosphorus are rare.This research on the typical area of Chaohu lake will focus on the contribution of rock phosphorus on eutrophication, study the release, migration and transformation processes of the rock phosphorus: (1) the release intensity of rock phosphorus in the geological phosphorus-rich area: base on the hydrogeological conditions of the study area, design the lab-scale experimental apparatus to simulate the hydro-geochemistry processes. (2) the storage and transport of the rock phosphorus: in the real field of the selected rare human-interrupted watershed,study the migration and transformation of rock phosphorus and its contribution to the phosphorus quantity in groundwater and surface water through combining the isotope tracer technology and method of investigation and simulation. Our goal is to obtain the preconditions and migration regulations of the areal phosphorus pollution in geological phosphorus-rich area. This research will give an important scientific perspective for eutrophication control in geological phosphorus-rich areas like Chaohu and Dianchi lake.

磷是控制湖泊富营养化的关键因素。我国重点治理的"三湖"中的两湖（巢湖与滇池）流域均发育有富磷地层，其释放的岩源磷最终会汇入湖泊，成为湖泊富营养化不可忽视的磷源。掌握岩源磷的释放、迁移转化规律对治理类似湖泊磷污染、富营养化具有重要意义。国内外研究集中于人类活动产生的磷污染，岩源磷的研究很少。本项目以巢湖流域典型地质富磷区为对象，围绕岩源磷对富营养化的贡献展开，研究岩源磷释放、迁移转化过程：（1）地质富磷区岩源磷释放强度：依据研究区水文地质条件，设计室内模拟控制实验，模拟富磷岩石的磷迁移相关的重要生物地化过程。（2）岩源磷的赋存与迁移：选取人类未干扰典型流域，运用同位素示踪技术、调查模拟相结合的方法研究岩源磷的迁移转化过程，以及对地表、地下水径流磷含量的贡献。研究富磷地区面源污染的产生条件与运移规律是本研究目标所在，本项目研究成果可为巢湖、滇池等地质富磷区水体富营养化治理提供重要的科学依据。