Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient required for plant growth and development. However, in excess, Cu can interfere with numerous physiological processes, since Cu can inactivate and disturb protein structure as a result of unavoidable binding to proteins. On the other hand, immediately after uptake the vast majority of Cu can be bound by proteins to prevent Cu from accumulating in a toxic form. It is important to understand metal-protein interactions that might be responsible for toxic metal effects: metal-binding proteins as passive molecular targets of metal ions in toxicity and active participation in metal tolerance. We developed a new immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) method for the separation and isolation of Cu-binding proteins extracted from roots of rice seedling exposed to excess Cu in our previous study. The new Cu-binding proteins (have not previously been reported as Cu-binding proteins) extracted from roots of rice seedling exposed to excess Cu included those involved in antioxidant defense and cell wall synthesis. In this study, putative Cu-binding proteins will be separated and identified in two rice (Oryza sativa) varieties differing in Cu tolerance and the new Cu-binding proteins involved in antioxidant defense and cell wall synthesis will be selected for further study. Metal-binding characteristics of these proteins in vivo and the relationship between Cu ions and protein biological activities will be studied. Expression of the new Cu-binding protein genes will be investigated in response to Cu stress. Molecular mechanisms of putative Cu-binding proteins involved in Cu toxicity and tolerance in plants will be evaluated by analyzing growth of plants, Cu accumulation and distribution, Cu-induced reactive oxygen species production, changes in antioxidant enzyme activities and cell wall biosynthesis using transgenic and wild plants.
铜是植物必需营养元素。铜过量时,蛋白质与铜的结合会改变其结构和功能从而影响许多生理过程;同时,蛋白质与铜离子的结合可降低铜在细胞质中的离子活度。充分理解铜结合蛋白是铜毒害的靶标分子还是参与了植物的耐铜毒机制,具有十分重要的理论和实践意义。我们在先前研究中建立了过量铜胁迫下水稻铜结合蛋白的分离和鉴定方法,新发现的铜结合蛋白(未被报道过为铜结合蛋白)包括有参与抗氧化防护和细胞壁合成的蛋白质。本项目以水稻为主要实验材料,对过量铜胁迫下的铜结合蛋白进行分离鉴定,并从中筛选出参与细胞抗氧化防护和细胞壁合成的新铜结合蛋白为进一步研究的目标蛋白;应用体内和体外的方法研究目标蛋白的生理活性与铜胁迫的关系;克隆目标蛋白基因、分析目标基因在铜胁迫下的表达特征。利用目标基因超表达和干涉的转基因材料,分析铜与植物生长、组织ROS积累、抗氧化酶活性、细胞壁合成、铜积累与分配等以阐明铜结合蛋白在铜胁迫下的作用。
铜是植物必需营养元素。铜过量时,蛋白质与铜的结合会改变其结构和功能从而影响许多生理过程;同时,蛋白质与铜离子的结合可降低铜在细胞质中的离子活度。本项目经过4年的研究,成功建立了IMAC-2DE-MS铜结合蛋白的分离、纯化技术,并利用该技术成功获得35个差异表达的铜结合蛋白;这35个铜结合蛋白包括有参与金属螯合丹巴、抗氧化防护和细胞壁合成的蛋白质。本研究又以金属螯合蛋白谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)、金属硫蛋白(MT)、植物螯合肽合酶(PCS),细胞壁相关蛋白咖啡酰辅酶A-O-甲基转移酶(CCoAOMT),细胞壁结合蛋白类萌发蛋白(GLP)、细胞壁关联蛋白激酶(WAK)及抗氧化防护蛋白甲硫氨酸亚砜还原酶(MSR)三大类共7个蛋白为具体研究对象,研究这些蛋白的表达与植物对重金属耐性的关系,通过分析重金属与植物生长、ROS积累、抗氧化酶活性、细胞壁合成、重金属积累与分配等以阐明铜结合蛋白在铜胁迫下的生理功能。.本项目的研究结果显示,OsGSTF2蛋白中的41号组氨酸(His),OsMSRB3蛋白第159位、第212位的半胱氨酸(Cys)对其各自蛋白的功能起着重要的作用;过量铜诱导的过氧化氢(H2O2),上调水稻OsMT2表达,提高了植物对铜胁迫的耐性;而箭舌豌豆VsPCS1参与了镉从细胞质向液泡的转运,调控Cd在液泡的区隔化;而箭舌豌豆VsCCoAOMT基因增加木质素的沉积;OsGLPs虽是细胞壁蛋白,但具有SOD酶的活性,可减少重金属在植物细胞中的积累;OsWAK蛋白通过果胶甲酯酶活性调节细胞壁甲酯化程度,影响细胞壁金属结合能力。上述蛋白在重金属胁迫下,发挥各自、多样性的生物学功能,这对我们充分理解铜结合蛋白是铜毒害的靶标分子还是参与了植物的耐铜毒机制,具有十分重要的理论和实践意义。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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