基于中继站的电磁随钻测量井底数据传输机理与实验研究

Electromagnetic measurement while drilling is not affected by drilling fluid, and has many other advantages, such as high transmission rate, great capacity of data, can realize the ground and underground two-way communication and low cost etc. However, due to the electromagnetic signal propagation attenuation happens in stratum, restricting its scope of application of well depth. In order to improve the application depth range of EM - MWD, this project intends to research applied basic theory about EM - MWD based on relay station. Integrated application of theoretical analysis, simulation and practical experiment study signal reception, signal launch and relay station location about primary relay type EM- MWD system. Uncover the mechanism of signal transmitting and receiving about relay station. Establish function relationship between transmission frequency, encoding scheme, transmission power, electrical resistivity and reasonable location of relay station. Give solution to relay station and bottom source power supply for a long time. Give solution to anti-interference and data extraction of receiver module of relay station. Research results can provide technical support for Chinese deep resources exploration and scientific deep well drilling, has wide application prospect and significance.

电磁随钻测量（electromagnetic measurement while drilling简称EM-MWD）具有不受钻井液影响、传输速率高、数据容量大、可实现地面与井下双向通讯及成本低等优点。然而，由于电磁信号在地层中传播时会发生衰减，制约了其应用井深范围。为了提高EM-MWD的应用井深范围，本项目将进行基于中继站的EM-MWD应用基础理论研究。综合应用理论分析、模拟实验和实测实验对一级中继站式电磁随钻测量系统信号接收、发射及中继站位置的确定等问题进行深入系统研究，揭示中继站信号发射、接收机理；建立发射频率、编码方式、发射功率及地层电阻率等参数与中继站设置合理位置间的函数关系；给出解决中继站及井底发射源长时间供电方案；给出中继站接收模块的抗干扰性及井下数据提取方案。研究成果可为中国深部资源勘探开发和科学深井钻进提供技术支撑，具有广泛的应用前景和重要意义。

电磁随钻测量（electromagnetic measurement while drilling简称EM-MWD）具有不受钻 井液影响、传输速率高、数据容量大、可实现地面与井下双向通讯及成本低等优点。然而，由 于电磁信号在地层中传播时会发生衰减，制约了其应用井深范围。为了提高EM-MWD的应用井深 范围，本项目将进行基于中继站的EM-MWD应用基础理论研究。综合应用理论分析、模拟实验和 实测实验对一级中继站式电磁随钻测量系统信号接收、发射及中继站位置的确定等问题进行深 入系统研究，揭示了中继站信号发射、接收机理；建立发射频率、编码方式、发射功率及地层电 阻率等参数与中继站设置合理位置间的函数关系；给出了解决中继站及井底发射源长时间供电方 案；给出了中继站接收模块的抗干扰性及井下数据提取方案。研究成果可为中国深部资源勘探开 发和科学深井钻进提供技术支撑，具有广泛的应用前景和重要意义。