建筑节能用聚乙烯基缩丁醛分散胆甾相侧链型液晶聚合物复合薄膜的制备及性质研究

A series of side-chain liquid crystal polymers (SCLCPs)exhibiting a cholesteric (Ch) phase at room temperature with different pitches of the helical structure of the Ch phase will be designed and synthesized, respectively. Then, they will be dispersed in polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or ethylene-co-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) films which can be used as safety glass interlayer, to explore the possibility of preparing PVB (or EVA) dispersed ChSCLCP composite films, which have both the chanracteristics of cutting the infrared (IR) light and safety of laminated glass. Their molecular design and synthetic methods, condensed structures and the hehavior of the phase transition, as well as the regulation of their pitches and micro-structures together with the planar orientation of the their molecules in PVB (or EVA) dispersed ChSCLCP composite films will be systematically studied. Thus, a PVB (or EVA) dispersed ChSCLCP composite films with the characteristics of high visible light transmission and near-infrared light shielding will be prepared. The effects of composition and the micro-structure of the composite films on its optical and mechanical properties, as well as the bonding performance between the film and glass will be elucidated to provide experimental foundation and theoretical guidance for the development of a new generation of energy-saving laminated films.

本项目通过设计与合成具有不同螺距的室温胆甾相侧链型液晶聚合物（ChSCLCP），将其分散于可作为安全玻璃夹层材料的聚乙烯基缩丁醛（PVB）或乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物（EVA）薄膜中，探索制备既可以作为夹胶玻璃安全膜又兼有建筑节能作用的PVB（或EVA）分散ChSCLCP复合材料薄膜的可能性。系统地研究一系列ChSCLCP的分子设计和合成方法、ChSCLCP的凝聚态结构、相转变温度以及胆甾相螺距的调控方法、PVB（或EVA）分散ChSCLCP复合薄膜中ChSCLCP微区结构和分子平面取向的调控方法，制备具有高可见光透过率、近红外光屏蔽特性的PVB（或EVA）分散ChSCLCP复合薄膜，阐明复合薄膜组成、微结构对其光学和力学性能、薄膜与玻璃的粘结性能的影响规律，为开发新一代节能夹胶膜提供实验数据和理论指导。

面向建筑节能、绿色能源和高效节能新材料等领域的迫切需求，本项目制备了一种聚乙烯基缩丁醛分散胆甾相侧链液晶聚合物复合薄膜，用于建筑物的安全节能。通过设计与合成具有不同螺距的胆甾相侧链型液晶聚合物（ChSCLCP），将其分散于可作为安全玻璃夹层材料的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯（EVA）薄膜中，探索制备既可以作为夹胶玻璃安全膜又兼有建筑节能作用的EVA分散ChSCLCP 复合材料薄膜的可能性。通过分子设计，分别合成了以环硅氧烷为主链、直链硅氧烷为主链以及聚乙烯为主链的三个系列二十余种不同结构、不同组成的侧链高分子液晶，系统地研究了侧链高分子液晶的分子设计和合成方法、凝聚态结构、相转变温度以及胆甾相螺距的调控方法、EVA分散ChSCLCP 复合薄膜中ChSCLCP 微区结构和分子平面取向的调控方法，制备了具有较高可见光透过率、近红外光屏蔽特性的EVA分散ChSCLCP 复合薄膜，并将薄膜用于模型房屋，测试了薄膜屏蔽红外光的节能效果，并阐明了复合薄膜组成、微结构对其光学和力学性能、薄膜与玻璃的粘结性能的影响规律，为开发新一代节能夹胶膜提供实验数据和理论指导。研究发现，由于胆甾相侧链高分子液晶在红外区域的宽波反射以及光散射，该红外光屏蔽薄膜的节能效率能达到40.4%，并且具有较好的粘结性能。