宽带随机跳频超分辨处理与高效能成像方法

Wideband imaging methods with super-resolution and high-efficiency play an important role in areas such as homing guidance for new generation missile seeker and feature-based target recognition. Based on the requirements of high accuracy and high speed sensing for the wideband imaging, research methods including fundamental theoretical research, key technology breakthrough, and experimental verification will be adopted in this application. Our research will focus on the novelties in waveform optimization and parameters design for wideband random frequency hopping signals, side lobe suppression and detection based on waveform reconstruction theory, compressive sensing based super-resolution processing and imaging, and key technologies verification. The main purpose is to find solutions for the following crucial problems: smart synthesis and adaptive side lobe suppression for wideband random frequency hopping signals under the non-ideal conditions such as the influence of active jamming and limited observed data, robust super-resolution processing and fast imaging, etc.. Research results of this application will enrich the theoretical system of waveform optimization for wideband random frequency hopping signals, and offer solutions with high resolution and low side lobes under the situation of non-continuous spectrum or even missing spectrum. Furthermore, the breakthroughs in key technologies such as high-efficiency imaging and robust parameters estimation under a complex situation of missile target encounter with super-high velocity will promote the engineering applications of wideband random frequency hopping signals.

超分辨、高效能的宽带成像方法在新一代导引头寻的制导、特征目标识别等方面非常重要。本申请从高精度、敏捷感知宽带成像需求出发，基于理论研究、关键技术突破与实验验证协同的研究方法，对宽带随机跳频信号的波形优化与参数设计、基于波形重构理论的旁瓣抑制与检测、压缩感知超分辨处理与成像以及关键技术综合验证开展创新性研究，重点解决有源干扰影响与观测数据有限等非理想条件下的宽带随机跳频信号智能合成与自适应旁瓣抑制、稳健的超分辨处理与快速成像等关键科学问题。. 研究成果将进一步丰富宽带随机跳频信号的波形优化理论体系，揭示宽带随机跳频信号在非连续与缺失频谱下获得高分辨率、低副瓣的机理与方法，突破在超高速弹目交会复杂场景下的高效能成像与稳健参数估计等关键技术，促进宽带随机跳频信号的工程化应用。

本项目从高精度、敏捷感知宽带成像需求出发，针对宽带随机跳频信号的波形优化与参数设计、基于波形重构理论的旁瓣抑制与检测、压缩感知超分辨处理与成像开展了研究，重点解决了有源干扰影响与观测数据有限等非理想条件下的宽带随机跳频信号智能合成与自适应旁瓣抑制、稳健的超分辨处理与快速成像等关键科学问题。主要研究成果如下：.在宽带随机跳频信号的波形优化与参数设计方面，系统分析了随机跳频信号的模糊函数和克拉美罗界与旁瓣随机分布特性、信噪比、积累增益等的关系，为优化波形参数、抑制旁瓣、提高成像精度等提供了理论依据。其次，针对宽带随机跳频信号，提出了基于两次凸优化的波形参数设计方法，通过跳频参数分布的优化来抑制距离旁瓣。.在基于波形重构理论的旁瓣抑制与检测方面，提出了基于内插外推的距离-速度旁瓣抑制方法，通过内插外推波形重构建立了以柯西分布特性为约束项的正则化方程，将缺失的频点通过内插外推的迭代过程逐一进行填补，实现了对频点缺失的跳频信号距离旁瓣的抑制。该算法可同时实现速度维的超分辨。.在压缩感知超分辨处理与成像方面，分析了宽带随机跳频信号压缩感知处理超分辨性能与信噪比的关系，在此基础上，提出了宽带随机跳频信号回波与字典网格失配下的自适应修正与参数估计方法，提高了回波与观测矩阵网格失配下的参数估计稳健性和成像的精度，最终用较短的观测时间实现了对目标的高精度二维成像。.围绕相关研究内容，本项目共发表SCI论文13篇，授权国家发明专利8项。.在相关研究工作基础上，申请人获批2020年度国家杰出青年科学基金。