基于无源传感标签的混凝土健康监测高可靠性关键技术研究

Concrete structural health monitoring is the guarantee for the reliability and safety of buildings. According to the disavantages of current nondestructive testing technologies of concrete in real-time and long-term performances, this project proposes a monitoring method for concrete structural health based on passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sensor tags, which including the advantages of real-time, low-cost and fast positioning. Because the sensor tags always work on ultimate state and the concrete environment is so complex, high reliability is key to the design of passive sensor tag system for concrete health monitoring. This project implements by combining theoretical analysis with modeling, simulation and experimental verification. After deeply researching the impact factors of system reliability of concrete health monitoring, this project reveals the rules of the reliability of sensor signal’s transmission and transformation, establishes the transmission loss model of passive sensor tag system for concrete health monitoring, proposes a high reliable structure of RFID sensor and low-power, high-stable structure of sensor interface. Our work develops new ideas for the development of internet of things and sensor technologies, resulting in high significances of research and application for the popularization and marketization of Concrete structural health monitoring.

混凝土结构健康监测是建筑设施稳定性与安全性的保障。针对现有混凝土无损检测技术在实时性和长期性上的不足，本项目提出一种基于无源RFID传感标签的混凝土结构健康监测方法，具有实时性强、成本低、能快速定位的优点。由于传感标签往往工作于极限状态，且混凝土结构环境复杂，因此高可靠性是面向混凝土结构健康监测的无源传感标签系统设计研究的关键。本项目采用理论分析、建模仿真和实验验证相结合的研究方法，通过研究混凝土环境影响无源传感标签系统可靠性的机理，揭示影响传感信号传输与转换可靠性的规律，建立面向混凝土结构健康监测的无源RFID系统电磁传输损耗模型，提出高可靠无源RFID传感标签架构和低功耗高稳定接口电路结构。本项目为物联网技术和传感器技术的发展注入了新的思路，对混凝土结构健康监测技术的普及和市场化具有重要的科学研究意义和实际应用价值。

混凝土结构健康监测是建筑设施稳定性与安全性的保障。针对现有混凝土无损检测技术的不足，本项目提出一种基于无源RFID传感标签的混凝土结构健康监测方法，具有实时性强、成本低、能快速定位的优点。由于传感标签往往工作于极限状态，且混凝土结构环境复杂，因此高可靠性是面向混凝土结构健康监测的无源传感标签系统设计研究的关键。本项目采用理论分析、建模仿真和实验验证相结合的研究方法，建立了混凝土中无源RFID系统电磁传输模型，提出相应的无源RFID标签自适应匹配网络设计方法；提出了一种基于锁相环的超低功耗传感标签电路结构，无需外接时钟信号。经测试，所设计的无源 RFID 传感器标签在钢筋混凝土结构下均能有效完成混凝土结构健康监测，整体功耗和接口电路功耗优于国内外现有方案。本项目共产生SCI/EI检索论文12篇，培养研究生7人，申请国家发明专利4项，获得江西省科学进步奖三等奖1项，超额完成了预期目标。所获成果为电气检测技术提供了新思路，为结构健康监测技术的发展做出了贡献。