基于多源星基导航的ILS CAT-II升级融合算法研究

Instrument Landing System（ILS） of meter wave is the necessary system which guarantees the safe landing in the case of the complex weather and the poor visibility for the aircraft. In China, a large number of flights were delayed or canceled recently due to the haze weather and the frequent complex weather conditions. At the same time, RNP technology by ICAO promotion can’t be used for the automatic landing, that is to say, RNP can’t replace ILS to actualize blind landing. After years of advance research and demonstration, BD, the second generation satellite navigation system in China, was first put forward, and the equipment operation standard of blind landing has reached class II and class III from class I of the blind landing device which has been constructed substantively through the merging computation of aircraft equipment when the method of reinforced local foundation was adopted . The flight operation should be improved to be against the complex weather and the standard of low visibility for the purpose of reducing the cost of construction and operation as well as raising airliner percent of punctuality.

仪表着陆系统（也常称为盲降系统）是保障飞机在复杂气象和低能见度情况下安全着陆的必备系统。我国由于近期雾霾天气和复杂气象条件频繁，导致大量航班延误或取消，而目前ICAO推广的RNP技术不能用于自动降落，即RNP无法代替ILS实现盲降。本课题组经过多年的预先研究和论证，率先提出优先利用我国的BD二代导航卫星系统并综合成熟的GPS导航源，通过采用地基局域增强方案，提出一种多源数据融合算法，将我国已大量建设并开放使用的I类盲降设备通过机载设备的融合计算，使飞机达到II类甚至III类盲降的设备运行标准，提高航班运行对抗复杂气象和低能见度的能力，力图达到降低建设和运行成本，提高航班正常率的目的，为我国民航逐步向GNSS 着陆系统过渡提供新的思路和方法。

仪表着陆系统（也常称为盲降系统）是保障飞机在复杂气象和低能见度情况下安全着陆的必备系统。我国由于雾霾天气和复杂气象条件频繁，导致航班延误不正常率居高不下，而目前ICAO推广的RNP技术不能用于自动降落，即RNP无法代替ILS实现盲降。本项目组在国内首次独立自主完成了基于BD的地基增强系统的系统设计工作，完全自主研发了北斗/GPS组合导航接收机扩展自适应融合算法，将GBAS与ILS两种导航源的定位数据融合，通过数学建模，仿真模拟飞机进近三维航迹。通过在民航鸡西机场开展的实际试飞工作及事后数据表明，采用基于北斗卫星导航系统的地基增强技术，可有效提高飞机的水平导航精度和空域利用率，完全可以将CAT I标准提升为类CAT II水平，项目申请时所开展的理论计算与实际相符。