利用Vlasov微波辐射器优化强流高电荷态ECR离子源研究

High charge state ECR (Electron Cyclotron Resonance) ion sources which are driven by microwave power are the best choices of providing very intense highly-charged heavy ion beams. In order to meet the needs of modern heavy ion accelerators for intense heavy ion beams, the performance of ECR ion sources must be further improved. The microwave coupling and ECR heating determines the buildup of high temperature high density plasma, which is crucial to the performance of an ECR ion source. In this project, a new method of coupling microwave power with Vlasov radiator is proposed, which can not only realize efficient power matching and feeding, but also effectively adjust the electric field distribution. The key point is to study the influence of Vlasov microwave radiator parameters on the yield of highly charged state ions using the high performance superconducting ECR ion source platform. With this study, the dynamic correlation between microwave heating scheme and plasma characteristic can be established to improve the performance of the current third-generation ECR ion sources. Meanwhile, the research results of this project will also provide a prototype for the development of the next generation ECR ion source.

基于微波驱动的高电荷态ECR离子源是产生强流高电荷态离子束的最有效装置。为满足现代重离子加速器发展对强流高电荷态离子束的需求，需要研发更高性能的ECR离子源，其中微波耦合加热效率的研究至关重要。本项目提出了一种利用Vlasov微波辐射器来耦合功率的新方法，既可以实现功率的高效匹配馈入，同时又可以对微波电场分布进行有效调节。项目研究拟采用高性能超导离子源平台研究Vlasov微波辐射器参数对高电荷态离子产额的影响，通过实验研究和基本过程的系统分析，建立微波加热方式与等离子体状态之间的动态关联，从而提高当前第三代ECR离子源的性能。同时，本项目的研究结果也将为下一代ECR离子源的发展提供关键依据。

先进的重离子加速器装置对ECR离子源的性能提出了更高的要求。本项目主要研究高电荷态ECR离子源性能提升的关键问题之一，即高频率24~28 GHz，高功率10 kW微波与ECR等离子体的高效馈入和耦合加热。利用Vlasov微波辐射器在近代物理研究所的高性能全超导ECR离子源SECRAL-II开展了一系列的实验研究和分析，研制成功了可承受10 kW微波功率稳定运行的微流道等离子体弧腔，可在线精密移动的Vlasov微波辐射器系统，最终通过耦合加热效率的提升，将高电荷态离子的束流强度提高了6%~25%，获得了一批新的流强记录。未来Vlasov微波辐射器也将应用于近物所在研的第四代45 GHz全超导离子源，这些都将为高电荷态ECR离子源的发展产生深远的影响。