马铃薯结薯时间遗传机制解析

Early-maturity potato plays a key role in varieties deployment and industry improvement in China, so it is important for early-maturity potato variety breeding to make clear genetic mechanism of maturity. Nevertheless, previous research on potato maturity was focused on plant vegetation period length rather than formation of underground tuber that is real commercial organ. Furthermore, short tuber initiation period, time length from stolon initiation to tuber initiation, is one of main features for early-maturity potato. In this project, based on the plant maturity research results achieved, early/late-maturity varieties and their seregating population, and phenotyping platform of tuber and root development, we’ll research to discover how tuber form from stolon initiation through phenotyping and transcriptome analysis, where the chromosome segment to determine tuber initiation period is through genetic map construction, and what the candidate genes related to tuber initiation period and the genes’ function are through genes cloning and transformation. The results achieved in this project will enable us a preliminary understanding about genetic mechanism of potato tuber initiation period and provide some theoretical reference for early-maturity potato breeding.

早熟马铃薯对于我国马铃薯品种布局和产业提质增效作用显著，探明马铃薯熟性遗传机制对于促进早熟品种选育具有重要意义。前人关于马铃薯熟性研究主要集中在地上部植株熟性遗传机制解析，缺乏熟性与作为商品器官的块茎的形成机制关联研究，而早熟马铃薯最主要特征之一就是结薯时间早（匍匐茎发生至块茎初始膨大周期短）。本项目拟在已有植株熟性研究的基础上，利用四倍体早熟和晚熟优良品种及其熟性分离群体，以块茎块根表型鉴定专用装置为平台，通过马铃薯结薯时间的表型、基因组和转录组水平分析，开展以下三方面研究：（1）结薯时间形成规律揭示，（2）结薯时间关键染色体遗传区段发掘，（3）结薯时间相关候选基因的挖掘和功能验证，以期初步解析马铃薯结薯时间的遗传机制，为早熟马铃薯品种选育提供理论参考。

早熟马铃薯对于我国马铃薯品种布局和产业提质增效作用显著，探明马铃薯熟性遗传机制对于促进早熟品种选育具有重要意义。前人关于马铃薯熟性研究主要集中在地上部植株熟性遗传机制解析，缺乏熟性与作为商品器官的块茎的形成机制关联研究，而早熟马铃薯最主要特征之一就是结薯时间早。本项目通过结薯时间表型鉴定、转录组和miRNA协同分析，证明了匍匐茎膨大期是马铃薯结薯时间形成的关键时期，揭示了马铃薯结薯时间形成规律；挖掘出影响结薯时间的3个关键基因StGI、StPRR和StEFM，发现了8对参与温度调控结薯时间的关键miRNA及其靶基因，初步解析马铃薯结薯时间形成的遗传机制，为早熟马铃薯品种营养管理和品种选育提供了理论参考。