湿热地区青年人群最优睡眠热环境研究

A good sleep is essential for human body to maintain subsistence, especially in thermoregulation, energy balance, and immune functions. However, sleep problems are now constituting a global epidemic and threatening the health and life quality of a large proportion of the world’s population. Due to the tight coupling between body temperature and sleep rhythms, thermal environment is acknowledged as one of the most important factors that maintain and improve human sleep. Previous studies on constant conditions have revealed the negative impacts of hot and humid environments on sleep quality, and also the inconsistency between constant thermal environments and the dynamic thermal demand of sleeping people overnight. Studies on dynamic conditions were mainly orientated to energy saving and adjustment of circadian rhythm, yet no optimal dynamic thermal environment has been established for sleep. Meanwhile, other studies have observed the great potential of compensatory airflow in alleviating the negative impacts of hot and humid environment on sleep quality..The hot-humid area of China has long, hot and humid summer, where local people have formed their special thermal and humid adaptation characteristics and sleep habits, making air temperature, humidity and air velocity the key environmental parameters for their sleep. Taking the healthy young people in the hot-humid area of China as subjects, the present study is aimed to systematically reveal the effects of air temperature, humidity, air velocity and their dynamic changes on sleep under moderate and hot-humid environments in climate chamber, then to establish the prediction model of human responses to sleep environments, and to determine the optimal sleep environmental parameters and dynamic change patterns, so as to provide useful references for the design and valuation of sleep thermal environment in the hot-humid area.

睡眠是人体缓解疲劳、恢复精神、积蓄能量的重要途径。全球范围的睡眠问题凸显，日益危害人们的健康与生活质量。体温调节与睡眠存在的节律耦合，使得热环境成为保障和改善人体睡眠质量的重要因素。已有的恒温工况研究揭示了高温高湿环境对睡眠的不利影响，同时发现稳态环境与睡眠人体动态热需求之间的差异。变温工况研究围绕节能和生理节律调整展开，尚未建立最优动态睡眠热环境。此外，气流研究初步表明增大风速能抵消高温高湿对睡眠人体的不利影响。.湿热地区夏季漫长、温高湿重，当地人群具有独特的热湿适应和睡眠习惯，温湿度和风速是影响该地区人群睡眠的重要参数。本项目以湿热地区健康青年为对象，通过人工气候室实验系统揭示适中及热湿环境下温度、湿度、风速及其动态变化对睡眠的影响，建立睡眠热环境人体反应预测模型，提出最优的睡眠热环境参数以及动态变化模式，为湿热地区睡眠热环境的设计与评价提供科学依据。

热环境是保障和改善人体睡眠质量的重要因素。已有的恒温工况研究揭示了高温高湿环境对睡眠的不利影响，同时发现稳态环境与睡眠人体动态热需求之间的差异。变温工况研究围绕节能和生理节律调整展开，尚未建立最优动态睡眠热环境。此外，气流研究初步表明增大风速能抵消高温高湿对睡眠人体的不利影响。冬季，非采暖房间的室内低温会对睡眠造成一定影响。.本项目以湿热地区健康青年为对象，在学生宿舍开展了现场试验，研究了不同温度、风速组合和不同动态环境变化对睡眠质量的影响，确定了符合热舒适需求且节能的睡眠工况。开展了夏季、冬季的人工气候室实验，系统揭示了适中及热湿环境下温度、湿度、风速及其动态变化对睡眠的影响，建立睡眠热环境人体反应预测模型，获得最优的睡眠热环境参数以及动态变化模式，为湿热地区睡眠热环境的设计与评价提供科学依据。在此研究背景下，针对老年人群体进行了人工气候室实验，探究符合老年人夏季睡眠要求的室内温度模式。