泡沫金属阻抑瓦斯爆炸机理研究

Coal mine gas explosion occur frequently. Traditional barrier burst facility used to barrier the gas explosion has not been able to achieve effectively. Thus, the research on barrier explosive materials and devices is crucial. So, a research that using foam metal to barrier gas explosion is presented in this project. Based on the method of combining theoretical analysis and experimental research, the technique of foam metal barrier and inhibit gas explosion are studied. Experiment on the effects of gas explosion barrier and inhibition using pipeline system by means of selecting foam metal. Reveal the laws of different parameters of foam metal effect gas explosion suppression, determine the performance curve of explosion suppression under single variable and establish mathematical model of effect assessment of gas explosion barrier and inhibition based on foam metal. Based on study of dynamics of reducing shock wave and thermodynamics of barrier flame propagation by foam metal on experiment, the kinetics and thermodynamics model of barrier and inhibit gas explosion is obtained and mechanism of foam metal barrier and inhibit gas explosion is carried out. Combining with the experimental results, optimization of foam metals is presented to be used in coalmine. Establish, optimally solve and experimentally prove the model that porous material parameters effect on the gas explosion barrier.The project has great significance in reducing the harm of gas explosion and inhibiting continuous explosion and could be supplied as experiment and theory foundations on materials selection of the new barrier burst facility.

煤矿瓦斯爆炸事故频发，目前传统矿用阻隔爆设施抑爆效果有限，开展新型阻隔瓦斯爆炸材料及装置的研究至关重要。项目提出以泡沫金属材料阻抑瓦斯爆炸传播的新思路，采用理论分析和实验研究相结合方法开展“泡沫金属阻抑瓦斯爆炸机理研究”。筛选泡沫金属进行管道内瓦斯爆炸阻抑实验研究；分析泡沫金属参数对瓦斯爆炸阻抑效果的影响规律，确定单参数变化下阻抑效果性能曲线，建立泡沫金属参数对瓦斯爆炸阻抑效果影响的数学模型；进行泡沫金属衰减瓦斯爆炸冲击波动力学和阻隔火焰传播热力学研究，建立泡沫金属阻抑瓦斯爆炸的宏观动力学与热力学模型，阐明泡沫金属阻抑瓦斯爆炸机理；结合实验结果以煤矿应用为导向优选泡沫金属，求解泡沫金属阻抑效果最优参数组合并进行实验验证。项目研究成果将为煤矿新型有效阻隔爆装置选材提供理论和实验依据，对于降低瓦斯爆炸危害、抑制瓦斯连续爆炸有重要意义。

煤矿瓦斯爆炸事故频发，研究泡沫金属对瓦斯爆炸阻抑作用效果、规律和机理，可以为煤矿新型有效阻隔爆装置选材提供理论依据。本项目改进了实验系统，筛选铁镍参数比9/1，相对体积密度0.8g/cm3，孔径率15ppi/30ppi/40ppi/50ppi，实验厚度为6cm/7.5cm/9cm/10.5cm/12cm的Fe-Ni泡沫金属进行管道内阻抑瓦斯爆炸实验研究。获得单层、多层Fe-Ni泡沫金属阻抑瓦斯爆炸超压、火焰速度的衰减率，考察了孔径率、厚度、布置间距等参数对瓦斯爆炸超压、火焰速度阻抑效果的影响规律，证实了多层Fe-Ni泡沫金属阻抑瓦斯爆炸可解决泡沫金属前超压升高问题；确定了单层Fe-Ni泡沫金属阻抑瓦斯爆炸过程中产生激波的参数极限值，建立了泡沫金属参数对瓦斯爆炸阻抑效果影响的数学模型。进行了障碍物对泡沫金属阻抑瓦斯爆炸影响的实验研究，发现障碍物对泡沫金属阻抑超压影响较大，障碍物阻抑影响极限值达到125%及以上时，Fe-Ni泡沫金属失去在管道内对瓦斯爆炸超压阻抑作用；有障碍物时Fe-Ni泡沫金属在管道内对瓦斯爆炸火焰速度仍能发挥阻抑作用，但阻抑效果降低，放置障碍物层数越多，阻抑效果降低越多。进行了抑爆剂对泡沫金属阻抑瓦斯爆炸影响实验研究，发现了ABC超细干粉为最优的填充泡沫金属板的抑爆材料，泡沫金属板抑爆效果最佳的填充比例为35%。进行泡沫金属衰减瓦斯爆炸冲击波动力学和阻隔火焰传播热力学研究，阐明了Fe-Ni泡沫金属阻抑瓦斯爆炸机理，多层Fe-Ni泡沫金属阻抑瓦斯爆炸机理以及障碍物对泡沫金属阻抑瓦斯爆炸影响机理。本项目任务书拟发表学术论文3-5篇，实际发表论文9篇，出版专著1部，授权专利7项。研究成果为研制新型煤矿有效阻隔瓦斯爆炸装置的选材提供理论和实验依据，对于减轻瓦斯煤尘爆炸造成的危害及防止事故的扩大具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。