主动配电系统故障恢复新策略及恢复方案多目标优化研究

The active power distribution system is a pattern in the development of intelligent distribution network,it will provide more available resources for service restoration and make the restoration schemes more flexible and complex. New service restoration strategies and schemes that can be compatible with the development of the active distributed system are to be studied in this project ,and this research will be of great significance for improving the ability for fast restoration in distribution system.First, intentional islandings by the distributed energy resources in the outage area will be adopted as power supplies to recover more outage loads . Then, controllable loads such as the electric vehicles are coordinated to keep islandings and restoration operation from instability resulted from the randomness and uncertainty of renewable energies. On the basis of above work, a multi-agent system combined with optimization algorithms will be further studied to construct the multi-object optimization dynamic restoration model ,which can coordinate various power resources to cope with various fault states.Taking into account the relevance between rush-repair process and service restoration schemes when several faults occurred concurrently in a distribution system, a joint optimization model will be established to optimize multi-fault repair orders and sevice restoration schemes. And a Bi-level joint optimization scheme is to be constructed in order to obtain the optimal balance of rush-repair orders and restoration schemes simultaneously，which will be used to instruct the practical restoration process .Finally, the proposed algorithms, strategies and models will be verified by example simulations for their efficiency or feasibility. And they will also be further improved according to the simulation results.

主动配电系统是智能配电网发展的一种模式，它为故障恢复提供更多资源，使故障恢复方案更加灵活复杂。本项目拟研究与主动配电系统发展目标相适应的故障恢复新策略和恢复方案，这对于提高故障后的快速恢复能力具有重要意义。首先，研究失电区内分布式能源的孤岛生成策略，利用分布式能源出力恢复失电负荷。其次考虑可再生能源的出力具有随机性，拟通过协调电动汽车等可控负荷来维持孤岛或整个恢复过程的稳定。在此基础上，利用多代理系统结合优化算法进一步研究配电系统动态故障恢复方案，以满足各种故障条件下的多目标恢复需求。针对配电系统多故障时抢修与故障恢复方案间的关联性，拟构建抢修顺序和供电恢复的联合优化模型，给出双层优化方案，以获得多故障抢修顺序及各阶段恢复的最佳方案，指导配电系统多故障后的实际恢复过程。通过建模和仿真研究，校验所给出的算法、策略及方案的有效性及适应性，并进一步根据算例结果对其加以修正并完善。

主动配电网是智能配电网发展的一种模式。大量分布式电源接入配电网，改变了其结构和运行状态，成为具有控制和调节能力的主动配电网。主动配电网有以下特征：具备分布式可控资源，有较完善的可控水平，能够实现协调优化管理，具有可灵活调节的拓扑结构等。高效运行的主动配电网可提高电能传输效率，带来节能效益；多源协同则可有效解决地区输配电能力不足的问题，保证电网稳定可靠运行；还可进行削峰填谷、精确控制负荷，减少系统故障率等。. 主动配电网为故障恢复提供更多资源，使故障恢复方案更加灵活。本项目首先研究了非故障失电区内分布式能源的孤岛生成策略，利用分布式能源恢复失电负荷。其次考虑可再生能源出力及负荷具有时变性，通过协调储能、电动汽车及可控负荷等来维持孤岛或整个恢复过程的稳定。在此基础上，针对配电网多故障时抢修与恢复间的密切关联，构建抢修顺序和供电恢复方案联合优化模型，以获得多故障时抢修顺序及各阶段恢复的最佳方案，指导配电网的实际恢复过程。. 本项目在以上三方面开展了深入研究，在国内外重要刊物上发表了相关研究成果。主要成果概括如下：为简化多故障后恢复决策与信息交互过程，提出一种采用移动多代理动态联盟的配电网故障恢复策略；进一步基于博弈思想提出一种主动配电网故障灵活分层恢复策略；其次，考虑故障后恢复资源有限，通过合理投切可控负荷充分利用故障后剩余电源容量保障重要负荷供电的同时，尽可能恢复更多失电负荷，提高负荷整体的恢复价值，提出了考虑可控负荷的短时恢复策略及分区恢复策略。在抢修与恢复联合优化方面，提出一种含分布式电源的配电网多故障抢修与恢复协调优化策略，并基于图论中可达性分析方法，研究了一种快速的分区协调修复策略。.本项目研究的与主动配电网最新发展相适应的故障修复新策略，对于提高主动配电网故障后的快速恢复能力具有重要意义。同时也为后续进一步开展综合能源系统故障修复研究打下基础。