大豆中与花型发育有关的cyc同源基因的克隆和分析

Heterosis is the effective breeding strategy for improving crop production, demonstrated by the application in breeding of rice and other crops. Soybean is papilionaceous in legume, which has special flower structure-papilionaceous corolla, consisting of five petals, one vexillum, two keels and two wings, and two wings embrace closely stamens and pistils. Because of this structure restriction, the soybean is a self-crossing plant, no more than 1% plants are out-crossing, making it difficult to use hybrid breeding so far. The flower structure of soybean is the key problem in soybean heterosis..In snapdragon, Cyc and Dich are members of the gene family-TCP domain gene family; they play important roles in asymmetry of flower development and flower organ. In double mutants of Cyc and Dich, the lateral symmetry has changed into the radical symmetry and the shapes of ventral and lateral petals change in snapdragon.In this project, degenerate primers and specific primers were designed, respectively, according the TCP conserved sequences of Cyc and Dich in snapdragon and the TCP genes in Lotus joponicus. Using PCR method, we identified five homologies of Cyc and Dich in Soybean (Glycine max cv. Jilin21) - SoCyc1A、SoCyc1B、SoCyc2、SoCyc5A and SoCyc5B. Sequence analyses show that they all contain TCP conserved domain and R domain, belong to the Cyc/Tb1 sub-family of TCP-domain gene family. RNA In situ hybridization showed that SoCyc1A and SoCyc2 expressed transiently in the dorsal region of floral primordium when the floral primordial initiated from the inflorescence primordium. After the floral primordium separated completely from the inflorescence meristem, SoCyc1B expressed in the dorsal region of floral bud, and finally, mainly expressed in the dorsal petal and the dorsal side of the base of floral bud. Above results suggest that Soybean probably shares the same genetic mechanism in controlling the asymmetric development of flower with snapdragon. But in soybean, TCP domain genes still has functional differently from of Cyc and Dich in snapdragon. In the terminal inflorescence, SoCyc2 expressed not only in the dorsal region of the floral primordium, but also in the junction side in the terminal inflorescence meristem. Maybe SoCyc2 involved in the initiation of the floral primordium, and the architect of the inflorescence..Research in model plant of Lotus joponicus in legume showed that changing the expression of the TCP domain gene can change the shape of petal and flower. Cloning of the TCP domain gene and analysis of the TCP domain gene function will be theoretically important in understanding mechanism of floral development, as well as practically significant in application of soybean heterosis. Result of soybean Cyc homogeny analysis has been applied patent.

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