The Tashikuergan iron ore belt in West Kunlun of Xinjiang Province have been recently discovered as one of significant high-grad iron metallogenic belts in China. The Zankan iron deposit in the Tashikuergan area is one large iron deposit explored recently. Due to lack of precise mineralization ages, accurate description of geological and geochemical characteristics of the deposit, and detailed study of metallogenic environment, thus the ore genesis and tectonic setting remain a matter of debate. Hence, we are aiming to give the detailed geochemical and chronological studies on meta-volcanic sedimentary rocks from Bulunkuole Group, and probe the metallogenic tectonic setting. We also trace the ore-metal sources, confirm accurate types of iron deposit, and further deduce metallogenic mechaism using mineral micro region analysis, and isotope signatures, determine the metallogenic time using isotope dating, and thereby, establish the metallogenetic model of the Zankan iron deposit. This work will improve the theory of iron deposit, and broaden scope of ore exploration.
新疆西昆仑塔什库尔干铁矿带是我国新近发现的重要富铁矿带之一,赞坎是该成矿带规模较大的铁矿床。目前该矿床的矿床成因和成矿构造背景存在争议,主要原因是缺乏精确的同位素年代学数据,缺乏矿床地质地球化学特征的准确描述,更缺乏成矿环境研究。本项目拟通过对赋矿地层布伦阔勒群火山-沉积变质岩系进行详细的地球化学和年代学研究,探讨成矿构造背景;采用磁铁矿LA-ICP-MS 原位微量元素技术、并结合岩石/矿石Fe-S-Sr-Nd-Pb同位素化学方法示踪成矿物质来源,确定矿床类型,揭示铁矿的形成过程及成矿机理;利用磁铁矿和黄铁矿Re-Os、锆石U-Pb同位素年代学方法限定成矿时代,建立赞坎铁矿成矿模式,为区域找矿勘查提供理论依据,并可促进铁矿成矿理论发展。
塔什库尔干铁矿带包括10多个铁矿床,预测铁矿石资源量15.56×108 t。这些矿床具有“硫化物(黄铁矿为主)、硫酸盐(石膏)、磁铁矿”三类组分互层组成的层控或层状铁建造,世界罕见,独具特色。赞坎铁矿是目前探明最大的铁矿之一,矿石品位较高。矿体主要赋存于布伦阔勒群火山-沉积变质岩系中。赞坎铁矿含铁岩系布伦阔勒群中的火山岩主微量及Sr-Nd同位素地球化学研究表明,该套火山岩轻稀土富集,重稀土相对亏损,富集LILE,而相对亏损HFSE,较高的初始(87Sr/86Sr)i值(0.71093–0.72025)和相对负的εNd(t)值(-5.13 到-6.18),呈现出典型的岛弧火山岩特征。两个火山岩样品的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为536.4±4.0 Ma 和536.8±3.4 Ma,确定原划为古元古代的含铁岩系布伦阔勒群形成于早古生代,赞坎铁矿形成时代为早古生代。矿石主微量元素研究表明,成矿流体主要来源于海底高温热液和海水。矿石磁铁矿LA-ICP-MS 原位微量元素显示,磁铁矿Mg、Al、Ti、V、Mn、Co、Ni、Zn、Ga元素含量变化较大。氧逸度、温度及矿物组合控制着磁铁矿的化学组成。矿石中磁铁矿δ56Fe值为0.6–0.8‰,表明其沉积环境变化较大。赞坎铁矿△δ57Fepy-mag=0.2–1.1‰,指示矿床形成于较高温环境(≥ 236 °C)。黄铁矿具有正的δ56Fe值,且变化范围较小,表明黄铁矿形成时速率较慢,可能是第二次大氧化事件(ca. 0.6 Ga)引起的。硫化物的δ34S值介于3.2–32.8‰,指示其成矿物质主要源于岩浆热液和海水硫酸盐。综上所述,赞坎铁矿应属于与海底热液有关的铁矿床,与早古生代原特提斯洋向南俯冲事件相关。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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