松香改性碱木质素胺乳化剂的结构、溶液行为及其对乳化沥青性能的影响

Modified lignin amine emulsifiers with typical amphiphatic structure for asphalt emulsifying will be prepared after rosin is incorporated in alkali lignin as hydrophobic groups and polyamine as hydrophilic groups, and the reaction conditions will be optimized. The effects of average molecular weight of the lignin, the structure of amphiphatic groups, the amount of grafting, pH, ionic strength, the typies of counter-ions on the basic physicochemical properties of the emulsifiers will be discussed. The relationship between structure and properties of lignin amine emulsifiers will also be explored. And then asphalt emulsions will be made using modified lignin amine as emulsifiers. The aggregation behavior of the emulsifiers in aqueous solution and their effects on the properties of asphalt emulsion will be studied in order to reveal the intrinsic relation between the emulsifiers and asphalt, and provide the basic data and theoretical guide to the molecular design, preparation and application of lignin amine emulsifiers. .Guangxi's rosin output is the first in the nation, and the technical lignin resources occupy the leading place in the whole country. This application is aim at the synthesis of high quality and cheap asphalt emulsifiers using rosin and alkali lignin as main raw materials and use for road paving and maintenance, which conform both the national industrial policy and Guangxi's key industrial planning of hundred billion yuan. It is significant to solve the bottleneck of the industry of papermaking in Guangxi - - -high value-added utilization of lignin from pulping, open up new areas of application of Rosin, protect environment, promote economic and social development in Guangxi

通过在碱木质素中引入松香亲油基、多胺亲水基，合成出具有典型亲油亲水基的松香改性木质素胺沥青乳化剂。优化合成反应工艺条件，探索碱木质素平均分子量、亲油亲水基结构、接枝程度、pH值、离子强度、反离子性质等因素对目标产物基本表面物化性能的影响，探讨其结构与性能间的构效关系。采用优选出的乳化剂制备乳化沥青，通过研究该乳化剂结构、在水溶液和沥青介质中的聚集行为等因素对乳化沥青基本性能的影响，揭示松香改性木质素胺乳化剂与沥青间的内在作用规律，为松香改性木质素胺沥青乳化剂的设计、合成及应用提供基础数据和理论依据。.广西松香产量居全国首位，木质素资源也列全国前茅，本申请以其为主要原料合成松香改性木质素胺沥青乳化剂并应用于道路铺筑和维修养护，符合国家和广西千亿元重点产业规划，对于解决广西造纸千亿元产业的瓶颈问题- - 造纸废液木质素资源化利用，开辟松香应用新领域，保护环境，促进广西经济和社会发展具有重要意义。

木质素是植物中一种重要的可再生酚类有机化合物，其储量仅次于纤维素。工业木质素是制浆造纸工业的副产物，也是造成环境污染的主要源头物质之一。由于经济技术等多方面的原因，迄今为止，绝大部分工业木质素尚未得到高值化利用，这不仅造成资源的极大浪费，而且可能给环境带来严重污染。本项目从工业木质素化学性质的特点出发，通过酚化、Ｍannich等反应，将脱氢枞酸、松香等典型亲油基团和二乙烯三胺亲水基团引入了木质素中，合成了5种新型改性木质素胺阳离子乳化剂，优化了合成工艺条件，并对改性木质素胺乳化剂的结构、溶液行为和应用性能进行了表征和测定。研究表明，木质素的酚化改性，可增加酚羟基含量30.3%,相当于每个C9单元接枝了0.30个苯酚分子，可有效增加木质素的反应活性位，从而引入更多的亲油和亲水基团，显著改善目标产物的表面性能。测试表明，与木质素相比，酚化木质素中引入的亲油基团数量增加了1.1倍，引入的亲水基团数量增加了0.42倍。所合成的产物在pH=2水溶液中具有良好溶解度和表面活性，溶解度为2.1%，HLB为12，最低表面张力达29－30mN/m，接近商品化的小分子乳化剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的表面张力，最大Zeta电位在38－45mV之间，甲苯乳液油水分层时间约为70min，明显优于未经酚化改性和未引入亲油基团的木质素胺。将木质素基乳化剂用于乳化重交通沥青，得到沥青乳液，探讨了乳化剂类型和用量对乳化沥青制备和贮存稳定性的影响，结果表明，引入典型亲油基后，沥青乳液粒子尺寸变小，贮存稳定性提高。该沥青乳液可用于道路铺筑、公路养护维修和高速公路微表处等方面。