硫化钼纳米复合物的制备、电催化和传感

Nanostructured molybdelum sulfides have aroused great research interests due to their peculiar properties in recent years, especially their applications in electrocatalysis and sensing. We will go on thorough research focused on preparation, electrocatalysis and sensing of molybdenum sulfide nanocomposites on the basis of the previous project which will be finished this year. In this project, water-soluble molybdenum disulfides composites will be synthesized with ultrasmall sizes, and their electrocatalytic activity as well as their application as radioprotectants in protection against ionizing radiation will be investigated. Composite nanomaterials of molybdelum disulfide nanoparticles and gold nanoclusters will be prepared, and characterization of their optical and electrochemical properties as well as study of their application in electrocatalysis, electrochemical and optical sensors will be explored. They are expected to realize highly efficient hydrogen evolution reaction and highly sensitive detection for biomolecules. Synthesis of molybdenum polysulfides films by electrochemical methods and their application in hydrogen evolution reaction will be studied; moreover, interface structures will be changed by interaction of molybdenum polysulfides films with addition of some substances. They are expected to realize construction of highly sensitive electrochemical sensors based on catalytic hydrogen wave at the solid electrodes, and extend the application of catalytic hydrogen wave. This project explores systematically preparation of molybdelum sulfide nanocomposites and their electrocatalysis as well as sensing, not only which will extend their application research, but also which will found a base for synthesis of novel nanometer composite materials with specific functions. It will have the extremely theoretical significance and the research value.

最近几年，纳米二硫化钼由于其独特的性质而引起了人们极大的研究兴趣，特别是在电催化和传感方面的应用。本项目拟在即将结题项目的基础上进一步围绕硫化钼纳米复合物的制备、电催化和传感开展深入系统的研究。利用超小二硫化钼纳米粒子边缘硫缺陷合成水溶性的复合物，研究其电催化活性和抗辐射性能。合成金纳米簇包覆二硫化钼纳米粒子的新的复合物，表征它们的电化学和光学性质，应用于电催化的研究，实现高效析氢，并用于构筑电化学传感器和光化学传感器，实现对一些生物分子的高灵敏和特异性检测。电化学合成多硫化钼膜，应用于电催化析氢，并通过在溶液中加入一些能与多硫化钼膜作用的物质，改变界面结构，实现固体电极上利用催化氢波构筑高灵敏电化学传感器，拓展催化氢波的应用。系统地开展硫化钼纳米复合物的合成、电催化和传感研究，不仅拓展了相关材料的应用研究，也为合成具有特定功能的新的纳米复合材料打下基础，具有十分重要的理论意义和研究价值。

最近几年，纳米二硫化钼由于其独特的性质而引起了人们极大的研究兴趣，特别是在电催化和传感方面的应用。在本项目中，我们围绕硫化钼纳米复合物的制备、电催化和传感开展深入系统的研究。我们通过简单的溶剂热合成方法制备了超小的二硫化钼-金的纳米复合物（平均粒径2.5 nm），显著提高了其对析氢反应的电催化活性。我们的工作提供了通过掺杂形成二硫化钼的复合物，从而改善析氢活性的新方法。二硫化钼-金的纳米复合物对过氧化氢和氧气的还原有比二硫化钼自身更高的电催化活性，可以有效地增强其抗氧化活性和辐射防护效果，有望用作辐射防护剂。我们在固体电极上通过恒电位电解的方法制备了一种新型的多硫化物薄膜Mo3S13，由于高的硫钼比和好的导电性，表现出良好的电催化析氢活性。我们通过简单的一步电还原沉积法，并通过改变通氮和不通氮的沉积条件，制备得到的铁-钴复合膜，在碱性溶液中分别表现出优异的析氢和析氧催化活性和稳定性，并显示了作为高效分解水的电催化剂的潜能。依据磷化钼修饰电极在磷酸盐存在的条件下产生的催化氢波，建立了利用该催化氢波检测血液中磷酸盐含量的新方法。由于空心的碳纳米洋葱有大的比表面积和好的导电性，而且空腔有利于形成复合物。为了制备空心碳纳米洋葱和二硫化钼的复合物，我们探索了碳纳米洋葱的电化学合成，并提出分离纯化碳纳米洋葱的新方法，为合成复合物打下了基础。.本项目开展的工作不仅丰富了纳米二硫化钼复合物在电催化和传感方面的应用研究，而且拓展了二硫化钼纳米复合物作为辐射防护剂方面的应用潜力，具有重要的理论意义, 制备的纳米复合物也显示了应用潜能。