沥青组分及填料宏细观特征对胶浆低温粘结性能影响机理

The mechanism of characteristics of asphalt mortar basic composition elements was analysed. The mechanism of asphalt composition was revealed according to the tests and analysis of asphalt composition glass transition temperature, asphalt composition proportion, asphalt low-temperature cohesive strength, and the reasonable scope of asphalt composition which used in cold regions was determined. The effect of compatibility of asphalt matrix strength and mineral filler macro content and agglomeration of mineral filler were studied, the mechanism of mineral filler macro content was revealed according to the above analysis, and the control strategy of the macro content was determined. The tests and analysis of mineral filler mesoscopic powder characteristics, and the proportion of fixed asphalt and free asphalt, and the asphalt mortar low-temperature cohesive strength were studied, and the mechanism of mineral filler mesoscopic powder characteristics was reveled based on the asphalt properties problem(fixed asphalt and free asphalt), and the control parameter and control strategy were determined. The research results will provide theoretical and experimental basis for selecting the asphalt quality and reasonable application of mineral filler in the engineering practices in cold regions.

本项研究分析沥青胶浆基本构成元素特征对其低温粘结性能的影响机理。基于沥青四组分玻璃态转化温度、沥青组分比例、沥青低温粘结强度的测试与分析明确沥青组分特征对沥青及沥青胶浆低温粘结性能的影响机理，进而确定适用于寒冷地区的沥青合理组分比例范围；基于沥青基体低温粘结强度与矿粉填料宏观掺量“配伍性”效应及矿粉填料“附聚”效应对沥青胶浆低温粘结性能的影响效果，明确矿粉填料宏观掺量对沥青胶浆低温粘结性能的影响机理，进而确定矿粉填料宏观掺量控制策略；基于矿粉填料细观粉体特征参数、沥青胶浆中结构沥青和自由沥青比例、沥青胶浆低温粘结强度等内容的测试与分析，从沥青胶浆中沥青属性（结构沥青与自由沥青）角度出发，明确矿粉填料细观粉体特征对沥青胶浆低温粘结性能的影响机理，确定矿粉填料细观粉体特征控制参数及控制策略。研究成果将为寒冷地区工程实践中合理选择沥青品质、合理应用矿粉填料等技术工作提供理论及试验依据。

沥青胶浆的低温性能对沥青混合料低温路用性能而言至关重要，沥青胶浆的主要构成元素为沥青与矿粉填料，本项研究从上述两项基本构成元素的特性（沥青组分问题、填料掺量问题、填料细观特征问题）出发，分析沥青与填料对沥青胶浆及沥青混合料低温性能的影响效应，确定沥青品质、填料掺量、填料细观特征等控制策略。首先通过沥青四组分玻璃态转化温度、沥青组分比例、沥青低温粘结强度的测试与分析确定了沥青组分特征对沥青及沥青胶浆低温粘结性能的影响机理，同时确定了沥青中的油分含量为68%~70%、胶质含量为26%~28%、沥青质含量为4%左右为最佳沥青组分比例范围。基于沥青基体低温粘结强度与矿粉填料宏观掺量“配伍性”效应及矿粉填料“附聚”效应对沥青胶浆低温粘结性能的影响效果，确定了矿粉填料宏观掺量对沥青胶浆低温粘结性能的影响机理，明确了了不同温度下的最佳粉胶比，分别为：在-5、-15℃低温环境下，最佳粉胶比为1.2；在-25、-35℃低温条件下，最佳粉胶比为0.8。最后通过矿粉填料细观粉体特征参数、沥青胶浆中结构沥青和自由沥青比例、沥青胶浆低温粘结强度等内容的测试与分析，从沥青胶浆中沥青属性(结构沥青与自由沥青)角度出发，确定了矿粉填料细观粉体特征对沥青胶浆低温粘结性能的影响机理，并在充分考虑矿粉填料宏观掺量与其细观粉体特征的耦合效应的条件下，在确定结构沥青与自由沥青最佳比例RJZ、单位质量矿粉所含有的细观空隙Vg的基础上，反向计算矿粉填料的宏观掺量，从而实现了矿粉填料宏观掺量的精准控制，为矿粉填料掺量设计提供一种有效的控制策略。研究成果将为寒冷地区工程实践中合理选择沥青品质、合理应用矿粉填料等技术工作提供理论及试验依据。