Flow的心理生理学机制及其与身份认同的关系

Flow experience is a positive and complex subjective mental experience, it is when engaging in an activity at hand, an individual is fully involved, fully concentrated, totally immersed, optimally enjoyed, and when the activity is over, one has the feeling of time distortion (Csikszentmihalyi, 1975). Research evidence indicated that when people engage in loved activities such as learning, work, career, leisure, they are more likely to experience flow and to experience identity, there is significant and positive correlation between flow and personal, social, and place identity. By applying the combined method of theoretical analysis and experimental study, we propose to use electroencephalogram (EEG), as well as psychophysiological indicators such as dopamine, cortisol, electromyography (EMG), cardiovascular to test flow, and to explore its social demographic, neurophysiological, psychophysiological characteristics, and finally to reveal the neural and psychophysiological mechanism of the flow experience; to detect the pathway between flow and personal identity, social identity and place identity. The outcome of this project will be crucial to the improvement of the neural and psychophysiological theory of flow, to provide reference for the prediction of identity perception, formation and development, and to promote individual’s well-being, so as to the harmony of society, and even the prosperity of the entire region.

Csikszentmihalyi毕生精力研究幸福，发现幸福其实就是专心投入到当前的工作、事业、休闲、娱乐等日常活动或事物中，从而达到忘我的一种积极情绪体验，这种积极的情绪体验就叫Flow (Csikszentmihalyi, 1975)。前期研究表明：个体从事自己喜欢的活动有助于心流的产生，同时也助于形成良好的身份认同，Flow体验与个体认同、社会认同、地方认同呈显著性正相关。本项目采用理论分析和实验研究相结合的方法，利用脑电及多种心理生理测量技术，探究Flow的人口统计学、心理生理学特征；揭示Flow的脑神经机制和心理生理机制；探究Flow体验与个体认同、组织认同、地方认同的路径关系。此项目的开展不仅有助于丰富Flow的心理生理学理论，也可为身份认同的感知、形成与发展提供科学理性的参考,进而帮助促进个体幸福生活、社会和谐发展，乃至整个地域的繁荣。

身份认同回答了“我是谁？我从哪儿来？我要到哪儿去”的问题， 解决的是个体对自我及所处社会环境的认知问题。基于Twigger-Ross 等（Twigger-Ross, Bonaiuto, & Breakwell, 2003)身份认同理论，与Csikszentmihalyi提出的Flow理论 (Csikszentmihalyi, 1975)， 本项目通过研究Flow体验如何促进个体的自我认同、社会认同、地方认同，采用理论分析、调研访谈和实验研究相结合的方法，利用脑电及多种心理生理测量技术，探究了Flow的人口统计学、心理生理学特征；揭示了Flow的心理生理学机制；揭示了Fl ow体验与个体认同、组织认同、地方认同的路径关系和边界效应。此项目的开展不仅丰富了Flow的心理生理学理论，为身份认同的感知、形成与发展提供科学理性的参考，进而为Flow干预以帮助促进个体幸福生活、社会和谐发展，乃至地域繁荣提供了可操作性的实践建议。