基于聚集诱导发光有机聚合物的荧光生物成像标记材料的制备及应用研究

Fluorescent biological imaging technology is one of the most important methods for early-stage cancer diagnosis and treatment, and fluorescence labeling materials and their physical and chemical properties play a key role for the imaging quality. However, the fluorescent materials with AIE property are quite limited, and the fabrication and performance of fluorescence nanoparticles need to be further optimized. Moreover, the identification and tagging capabilities for specific tumor cells remain to be further improved. Aiming at the above issues, the project is to fabricate fluorescence labeling materials with high fluorescence efficiency, strong targeting ability, good stability, and independent intellectual property rights by modifying, assembling and optimizing AIE organic polymer molecules. It is to fundamentally solve the fluorescence quenching problem of fluorescence labeling materials, to achieve the specific identification and marking of fluorescence labeling materials for specific molecular of specific tumor cells, and to provide innovative substances and theoretical basis for identifying and detecting biologically active substances on the cellular and molecular level.

荧光生物成像技术是人类肿瘤疾病早期临床诊断的重要手段之一。而荧光标记材料及其物理化学性质对于荧光生物成像的质量起着关键作用。本项目针对具有AIE特性的荧光标记材料目前存在的AIE分子种类有限，荧光纳米粒子的制备条件尚需进一步优化、性能有待进一步提高，荧光标记材料对特定肿瘤细胞的特异性识别和标记能力需要进一步改善等问题，拟开发具有AIE特性的、性能优异的关键AIE有机聚合物分子，以AIE有机聚合物分子为基元，通过修饰、组装及优化，制备荧光效率高、靶向能力强、稳定性好、具有自主知识产权的荧光标记材料，从根本上解决荧光标记材料的荧光淬灭问题，实现荧光标记材料对特定肿瘤细胞的特有分子靶点的特异性识别和标记，为在细胞和分子水平上的生物活性物质的识别和检测提供创新的物质基础和理论依据。

有机发光材料作为重要的标记材料，在生物成像和检测技术中得到了广泛的应用。然而，传统发光材料常常遇到聚集导致的发光淬灭效应，限制了其实际应用。为了解决这一关键科学问题，本项目以聚集诱导发光为基础，开发了系列具有AIE特性的、高固态发光效率的有机小分子、树枝状大分子及聚合物，其中，开发的近红外发光分子其固态发光效率可高达78%。系统的考察了这类材料的光物理性质，研究了这类分子结构、聚集态结构与发光特性的关系，为理解和提高发光性能奠定了良好的基础。以AIE发光材料为基础，利用多种方法制备了高发光效率的荧光纳米粒子，并实现了对肿瘤细胞的靶向识别和检测。项目执行期间，发表高水平SCI论文21篇，授权中国发明专利1项，培养研究生14人。获吉林省自然科学奖一等奖1项。