基于植物泌氧溢碳补给调控的人工湿地生物脱氮强化机制研究

Constructed wetland (CW) wastewater treatment technology, as a reasonable option for basin water pollution control, has been widely applied worldwide. However, the effective biological nitrogen removal performance in CWs and the sustainable operation of these systems remain a challenge. Wetland plants in CWs, having a function of releasing oxygen and organic substances, could provide available carbon source and oxygen source for organisms involving nitrogen removal, which might be a potential method for enhancing nitrogen removal performance in CW wastewater treatments. To date, few studies have nevertheless been focused on biological nitrogen removal process and enhancing mechanisms in CW especially utilizing oxygen and organic substances release from plants. Thus, the project will investigate variation and capability of releasing oxygen and organic substances from plants, as well as influencing factors relating to design and operation of CW treatments, in order to illustrate functions of wetland plants. Moreover, stable isotope-tracking 15N technique and mass balance approach will be used to study the nitrogen transformations in wetlands, and the contributing mechanism of oxygen and organic substances release on the nitrification and denitrification processes will be identified. Finally, techniques for enhancing biological nitrogen removal in CWs will be provided by investigating the allocation of various plants and operation optimization depending on oxygen and organic substances release from plants. The successful completion of the proposed project will provide theoretical guidance for achieving effective biological nitrogen removal performance and improving sustainable operation of CW treatments.

人工湿地污水处理技术在流域水环境治理中具有突出的应用优势，但其尚存在生物脱氮效率低、可持续运行效果不佳等问题。人工湿地系统中植物具有泌氧溢碳功能，可通过根系分泌氧气和有机物为根际相关脱氮微生物提供丰富的氧生境和必要的碳源，进而调控硝化反硝化脱氮过程，是强化湿地污水处理系统生物脱氮效果的可能途径。但是，目前国内外对于湿地植物泌氧溢碳对人工湿地生物脱氮过程的调控机制与强化研究较少。本项目拟通过研究湿地植物泌氧溢碳性能及其工程设计影响因素，明确植物泌氧溢碳的供给规律与功能；综合利用稳定同位素15N示踪技术和物料平衡计算方法，解析人工湿地系统中氮的迁移转化过程，阐明湿地植物泌氧溢碳对硝化反硝化脱氮过程的贡献与调控机制；进一步从湿地植物配置及工艺参数优化角度，构建基于植物泌氧溢碳补给调控的人工湿地生物脱氮强化方法，本项目的开展能够为人工湿地的脱氮效果提升与长效稳定运行提供理论依据和技术支撑。

人工湿地污水处理技术在流域水环境治理中具有突出的应用优势。人工湿地植物通过根系分泌氧气和有机物为根际相关脱氮微生物提供丰富的氧生境和必要的碳源，进而调控硝化反硝化脱氮过程，是强化湿地污水处理系统生物脱氮效果的可能途径。项目通过研究湿地植物泌氧溢碳性能及其工程设计影响因素，明确植物泌氧溢碳的供给规律与功能；综合利用稳定同位素15N示踪技术和物料平衡计算方法，解析人工湿地系统中氮的迁移转化过程，阐明湿地植物泌氧溢碳对硝化反硝化脱氮过程的贡献与调控机制；进一步从湿地植物配置及工艺参数优化角度，构建基于植物泌氧溢碳补给调控的人工湿地生物脱氮强化方法，为人工湿地的脱氮效果提升与长效稳定运行提供理论依据和技术支撑。