高效柔性有机太阳电池厚膜器件的研究

Recently, organic solar cells (OSCs) have attracted considerable attention in academia and industry due to their potential advantages such as flexibility, low cost, good stability, wide material sources as well as fast fabrication via roll-to-roll (R2R) printing technique. However, most of the high-performance OSCs are prepared by spin coating, and the performance of the the functional layers is often sensitive to the thickness, which is not compatible with R2R technology. Therefore, in order to realize the industrialization of OSCs, the technology of making films that can be matched with R2R processing technology is required, such as blade coating, slot die coating and so on. Moreover, it is necessary to develop highly efficient materials suitable for R2R processing. In this project, we are aiming to realize the high-efficiency printable flexible large-area OSCs by developing several materials with thickness insensitivity, optimising process parameters, and designing the reasonable device structure.

近年来，有机太阳电池因具备柔性、价廉、稳定性好、材料来源广以及可采用卷对卷印刷工艺制备大面积器件等优点，而获得了学术界和工业界的广泛关注和高度重视。目前所报道的高效有机太阳电池，大多数是基于旋涂法制备而成，其性能往往对薄膜的厚度比较敏感，并不适用于卷对卷印刷工艺。为了实现有机太阳电池的大规模生产，一方面需要采用与卷对卷技术相匹配的成膜技术，如刮涂法、狭缝涂布法等；另一方面，还需要开发适合卷对卷技术的高效材料体系。因此，本项目申请人拟通过设计具有厚度不敏感特性的材料体系、优化工艺参数、设计合理的器件结构来实现可印刷的高效柔性大面积有机太阳电池的制备。

本项目拟通过开发高效厚膜界面材料和活性层材料制备高效柔性大面积有机太阳电池模组器件。通过有机无机杂化的方法开发高效的厚膜阴极界面材料，探索可能存在的掺杂机理；通过三元共混的方法实现高效厚膜活性层材料的制备，系统研究第三组分对活性层迁移率、薄膜形貌的影响，并探索三元共混法实现高效厚膜活性层材料体系的内在机理；通过系统地优化刮涂的工艺参数、薄膜的聚集形态和器件的电极结构来实现高效柔性大面积有机太阳电池的加工制备。.围绕这些研究目标，本项目开展了以下研究内容，并取得了多项研究成果：通过将萘酰亚胺基聚电解质NDI-PFNBr掺杂到ZnO中，获得了有机-无机杂化的阴极厚膜界面材料；通过三元共混的方法在高效的非富勒烯体系（PM6:IT-4F、PM6:Y6）中引入少量的N型聚合物（N2200）获得了效率超过15%的印刷型有机太阳能电池；将烷基侧链工程引入到材料结构的设计中，合成了一种带有长支化烷基链（2-DT）的非富勒烯受体(DTY6)，然后使用绿色溶剂二甲苯作为加工溶剂，制备了18 cm2的大面积模组器件，获得了超过14%的光电转换效率。