基于吸附机理及膜污染控制的吸附/膜法藻源型有机质去除的调控策略研究

The removal of algal organic matter (AOM) is one of the most important issues in the protection of drinking water safety. This application will focus on application bottleneck encountered in adsorption/membrane technology for AOM removal, investigating the optimal control theory based on the adsorption mechanism and membrane fouling control. The aggregation of adsorbent/foulants based on the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (extended DLVO) theory was developed to be related membrane fouling. With the analysis of interface force and mass balance, critical flux prediction model associated with the characteristics of foulants will be established. Based on the analysis of adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and the changes of adsorbate, the adsorption mechanism for single solution will be clarified. The ideal adsorbed solution theory coupled with the concept of equivalent background compound (EBC) is conducted, and the competitive adsorption mechanism will be discussed. The adsorption and characteristics of competing NOM were also analyzed. A predictive model to describe the competitive adsorption of NOM and microcystins will be developed. This study will lay the foundation for the applications of adsorption/membrane technology.

有效去除藻源型有机质已成为保障饮用水安全的关键问题之一。本课题针对吸附/膜法去除藻源型有机质技术的应用瓶颈，开展基于吸附机理及膜污染控制的优化调控策略研究。通过扩展的DLVO理论研究吸附剂/污染物的聚集性，并探明其与膜污染关系；以微观界面作用力分析、物质平衡分析为基础，构建基于污染物特征的临界通量预测模型。从吸附动力学、热力学、吸附质吸附前后性质变化等角度解析吸附剂对单NOM与微囊藻毒素溶液的吸附机理，利用理想溶液吸附理论以及等效背景化合物分析方法探讨NOM与藻毒素在吸附剂上的竞争吸附机理，解析竞争NOM的吸附情况及特性，并建立具有预测功能的竞争吸附模型。本研究从污染物去除及膜污染控制角度为吸附/膜法的应用提供理论技术支持。

有效去除藻源型有机质已成为保障饮用水安全的关键问题之一。吸附/膜法是去除藻源型有机质最先进的代表性工艺，然而，膜污染问题及吸附剂的有效选择，仍然是制约吸附/膜法更广泛应用的主要障碍。.课题针对吸附/膜法去除藻源型有机质技术的应用瓶颈开展研究，获得以下结论：.(1) 分别考察了PAC种类、粒径对单一MC-LR和NOM溶液的吸附动力学、吸附等温线以及吸附能力等情况，Langmuir吸附等温线可以较好地反应粉末活性炭吸附腐殖酸及MC-LR的过程。.(2) 分别考察了浓度、粒径等因素对活性炭吸附混合液中MC-LR和NOM的影响，PAC对MC-LR的吸附随着NOM浓度增高减少，NOM中存在MC-LR的竞争吸附成分；活性炭粒径的减小有利于对NOM和MC-LR的吸附，壳吸附可能是活性炭对NOM和MC-LR的吸附机理之一。将等温线模型整合到理想吸附溶液理论的双溶质形式中，利用整合的模型预测竞争NOM组分的伪固相浓度值，并分析NOM对MC-LR的竞争吸附。.(3) 基于污染物颗粒在膜表面的受力分析，确定污染物颗粒所受主要界面力种类为范德华力、Lewis酸碱力、静电力和渗透阻力，建立污染物颗粒与膜之间的界面力模型，利用matlab求解界面力；利用通量与界面力之间关系得到通量与分离距离的关系式，利用matlab求解通量与分离距离的关系曲线，得到临界通量，验证并分析各因素对临界通量的影响，污染物粒径变化对临界通量影响最大。.课题研究期间获得以下学术成果：.(1) 在Desalination and Water Treatment、Bioresource technology、Water Science and Technology、Environmental Science and Pollution Research等发表论文5篇。.(2) 参加学术交流活动1次。.(3) 申请国家发明专利2项。