新型自供能传感器用于多目标物分析与疾病“诊断-治疗-评估”

Biofuel cells (BFCs)-based self-powered sensors are analytical devices that can provide the information of analytes by the changes in the performance (voltage, current and power) of BFCs. In contrast to traditional biosensors, BFCs-based self-powered sensors can work without external power sources, and diminish the interference from other redox substances in the system due to the use of two electrodes instead of three electrodes, thereby making them more attractive in sensing researches. Herein, we focus on the development of novel BFCs-based self-powered sensors and the expansion of their applications. By taking advantage of novel sensing strategies, we are aimed to achieve the following goals: 1) Developing novel EBFCs-based self-powered sensors with the capability of multiple targets detection instead of single target detection, so that their sensing efficiency and applicability in complex systems can be significantly improved; (2) Expanding the application of EBFCs-based self-powered sensors into the field of drug delivery to achieve monitoring integration for diagnosis, therapy and prognostic evaluation of diseases; (3) Integrating the photoelectric sensing technology into microbial fuel cells (MFCs) to exploit self-powered sensing systems based on solar-assisted MFCs.

生物燃料电池（BFC）自供能传感器是指能够将目标分析物的浓度转换为生物燃料电池电信号（电压、功率等）的一类传感器。与传统生物传感器相比较，它无需外部电源，电化学传感在BFC本身的阴阳两极，无需三电极体系，能够有效防止体系中其它物质的电化学干扰，所以，它是一种有发展前途的新兴生物传感器。本项目以设计新颖BFC自供能传感器及其开拓新应用领域为着眼点，创新设计传感策略：1）把EBFC自供能传感器从只能分析单个目标物发展到对多个目标物的检测，提高了检测效率和在复杂样品中检测的适用性；2）开创将EBFC自供能传感器应用于药载领域，构建“诊断-治疗-评估”一体化的自供能检测系统，使之从纯粹的分析工具发展成为更有价值的诊疗工具；3）提出光促型微生物燃料电池自供能传感器的概念，整合光电化学传感技术，创制光促型微生物燃料电池，开发新型微生物燃料电池自供能传感平台。

本项目按照计划书规划顺利完成研究任务，发表SCI论文18篇（包含第一标注本项目基金号2017年预研论文二篇），其中以通讯作者发表论文16篇，Nature指数刊物论文4篇，影响影子大于10论文6篇，代表性论文： Anal. Chem.1篇， Chem. Sci. 2篇, Chem.Commun. 1篇，Energy Environ. Sci., 1篇， Nano Energy 3篇， Journal of Materials Chemistry A 1篇；专利1件。毕业博士生5名，硕士生4名。达到了预期研究目标。.生物燃料电池（BFC）自供能传感器是指能够将目标分析物的浓度转换为生物燃料电池电信号（电压、电流和功率）的一类传感器。与传统生物传感器相比较，它无需外部电源，电化学传感在BFC本身的阴阳两极，无需三电极体系，能够有效防止体系中其它物质的电化学干扰，所以，它是一种有发展前途的新兴生物传感器。本项目以设计新颖BFC自供能传感器及其开拓新应用领域为着眼点， 取得主要成果如下：.1）成功发展了一类新颖EBFC自供能传感器，用于同时检测两种与癌症相关的miR-21和miR-141。测定miR-21的检出限低至0.1 fM， 测定miR-141的检出限低至4.0 fM (S/N = 3). 该成果把从只能分析单个目标物发展到对多个目标物的检测，提高了检测效率和在复杂样品中检测的适用性；.2）提出了把一个高性能葡萄糖/ O2燃料电池自供能传感器和一个药物递送系统相耦合，开创了将EBFC自供能传感器应用于药载领域，构建了“诊断-治疗-评估”一体化的自供能检测系统，使之从纯粹的分析工具发展成为更有价值的诊疗工具；.3）提出了利用具有光响应的N, S-共掺杂碳点(m-NSCDs)修饰单个细菌的新策略。被修饰的单个细菌不仅提高了自身的导电性，而且，碳点还可以作为光敏剂起到细菌光增强催化过程。尤其是，发现这样修饰后生物电极可以同时利用电化学能和光能，使得微生物燃料电池输出功率显著提高。