Integrated studies of continuous and high-resolution drilling cores throughout the Quaternary in middle and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, could reveal important information of global paleo-climate environmental changes, discover new significant scientific issues. However, these studies in China have been hindered by the lack of long-term, continuous, high-resolution records, especially in the transition zone of arid and semi-arid zone. A sediment core of the 720m PL02 borehole from the Yinchuan Basin in the northwest China provides a 3.4 Ma pollen record in the transition zone of arid and semi-arid zone. The preliminary ratio of Artemisia and Chenopodiaceaeresults is well corresponded with global benthic δO18 records stack LR04. This project is planned to use the methods of cosmogenic nuclide burial dating, OSL dating and AMS 14C dating to improve chronological framework, on the basis of existing magnetostratigraphy dating. Moreover, it is also obtain a pollen record, which resolution is approximate 2ka. The pollen record reflect paleo- vegetation changes in Yinchuan Basin during Quaternary. Combined with the modern surface pollen samples, to do quantitative reconstruction of climatic changes since 3.4 Ma. Then, the results could reveal environmental evolution process in Yinchuan Basin, find out the law of climatic changes, and explore the orbital periods of paleo-climatic and the drive mechanism.
对北半球中高纬度贯穿整个第四纪的连续高分辨率钻孔的研究,可以揭示全球古环境变化的重要气候信息、发现新的重大科学问题。但是,我国目前对长尺度、连续的、高分辨率记录的研究还有待加强,特别是在干旱半干旱的过渡地区。中国西北部银川盆地720米PL02钻孔提供了干旱半干旱地区过渡地带3.4 Ma以来的连续沉积记录,其蒿藜比序列与LR04深海序列高度吻合。本项目拟在已有古地磁年代学基础上,采用宇宙成因核素埋藏测年、光释光测年和碳十四测年方法完善PL02孔的年代学框架。并建立分辨率约2ka的孢粉记录,获得干旱半干旱区银川盆地3.4 Ma以来的孢粉古植被信息,结合现代表土花粉对3.4 Ma以来的气候变化进行定量重建,以期揭示该地区第四纪以来的环境演化过程,摸清气候变化的规律,探讨古气候变化的轨道周期特征及其驱动机制。
银川盆地位于青藏高原的东北缘,自新生代以来,银川盆地持续下陷,不断接受来自周围山体和高原的剥蚀物,形成了巨厚的沉积,这为获取高分辨率的环境信息提供了条件。此外,研究区处于干旱区与半干旱区、季风区与非季风区的过渡地带,是研究东亚季风演化和全球气候变化的理想区域。本项目基于银川盆地厚层沉积物,提取了3.4Ma以来高分辨率的孢粉记录。在千年尺度上,孢粉记录了气候冷暖、干湿的相对波动,这些波动叠加在长时间尺度变干趋势之上。孢粉显示银川盆地上新世相对暖湿,植被景观为草原或荒漠草原。第四纪后在波动起伏中有逐渐变干的趋势,以荒漠草原为主。其中,M/G时期相对冷干,其干旱化可能受青藏高原隆升和全球变冷共同影响的。云杉和冷杉含量在1.2Ma附近有一次明显的阶段性增大,可与青藏高原在1.2Ma构造隆升相吻合,这为高原隆升提供了独立的证据。岩芯中炭屑含量表明0.7Ma为一个重要分界点,1.5 -0.7Ma火活动强度较大但频率较小,0.7Ma以来,火活动强度水平降低后又随着时间的推移逐渐增强,虽未增加到之前的水平,但其频率明显较之前增加了,表明整个过程中,气候有逐渐变干旱的趋势,且波动不稳定。受干旱气候的影响,植被量积累逐渐减弱也是火活动强度变低的主要原因。银川盆地PL02钻孔记录中的主要花粉种属滤波分析均反映了米兰科维奇周期的存在。除具有明显的10万年、4万年和2万年的米兰科维奇周期之外,也具有一个谱幅度很高且置信度超过99%的60万年周期,该周期在以往研究中还未曾报道,其形成原因有待进一步研究。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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