砖砌体结构抗震能力表征指标和地震破坏模型的研究

Brick masonry structure is one of main formes of ancient and residential buildings,which is widely used in our country.It is important for brick masonry structures to precisely evaluate the seismic capability and the damage degree under earthquake.However,the existing research theory have not been suitable for evaluating the seismic capability and the damage degree of brick masonry structures under earthquake, especially for confined brick masonry structures.In the first place,by analyzing the effect of structural columns and ring beams impact on integrities of brick masonry structures,an integrity indicator was obtained in this project.a seismic capability evaluation indicator for evaluating the seismic performance of brick masonry structures was proposed which can consider the contribution of structural columns and ring beams impact on seismic capacity of masonry structures, the seismic evaluation for masonry structures come ture by analyzing the value of seismic capability of masonry structures under different earthquake intensity based on the analysis of data from Wenchuan earthquake investigation. secondly,the rules about brick masonry structures in code seismic design code and seismic appraisal standard were discussed and some advice about them was put forward,the relationships between structure ductility and wall unit ductility were also discussed by analyzing the functions between the integrity indicator and the ductility indicator.Finally,the existing seismic damage models was analyzed and a new global damage model was put forward,moreover,the global damage model of brick masonry structures was tested and analyzed based on the analysis of data from Wenchuan earthquake investigation,then,the damage degree of the brick masonry structures can be accomplished. The research can provide theoretical basis for seismic evaluation and design of masonry structrues.

砖砌体结构是古建筑和现代中小城市建筑的主要结构形式，准确评估地震作用下结构抗震能力以及破坏程度意义重大。现有的理论难于准确评估它的抗震能力和破坏程度，特别是设有构造柱和圈梁的砖约束砌体结构。本课题分析构造柱和圈梁对结构整体性的影响，提出衡量砖砌体结构整体性的结构整体性指标的计算方法，获得所提出的结构整体性指标与结构延性指标之间的函数关系，建立砖砌体结构抗震能力表征指标，基于既有汶川地震中大量多层砖砌体结构房屋震害的资料，对不同遭遇烈度结构抗震能力需求值进行研究，实现对砖砌体结构的抗震评估；对现行抗震设计规范和抗震鉴定标准有关砖砌体结构的部分条文内容进行研究和提出改进建议，同时探讨结构延性与墙单元延性的关系；分析已有的地震破坏模型，提出砖砌体结构地震整体破坏模型，基于震害对模型中的参数进行标定和检验，实现对砖砌体结构破坏程度的评估。本课题的研究旨在为砖砌体结抗震鉴定和抗震设计提供理论依据。

砖砌体结构是古建筑和现代中小城市建筑的主要结构形式，准确评估地震作用下结构抗震能力以及破坏程度意义重大。现有的理论难于准确评估它的抗震能力和破坏程度，特别是设有构造柱和圈梁的砖约束砌体结构，现有研究成果仍无法定量评价构造柱、圈梁等对结构整体性的贡献。本课题分析构造柱和圈梁对结构整体性的影响，提出衡量砖砌体结构整体性的结构整体性指标的计算方法，建议了考虑砖砌体结构整体性和承载力指标的抗震能力指标，基于既有汶川地震中大量多层砖砌体结构房屋震害的资料，对不同遭遇烈度结构抗震能力需求值进行研究，建立了砖砌体结构地震整体破坏模型，基于震害和试验结果对模型中的参数进行标定和检验，实现对砖砌体结构破坏程度的评估；对现行规范中砖砌体结构层数限值和构造柱设置未考虑楼层内墙体面积差异的问题进行了探析，分析了楼层墙体面积量不同对层数限值和构造柱设置的影响，提出了不同性能目标下层数限值和构造柱设置建议；对抗震鉴定标准中的关键参数砖房抗震墙基准面积率进行了考察，分析了砖房抗震墙基准面积率取值的影响因素及存在的不足，提出了考虑构造柱含量和楼板类型不同的砖房抗震墙基准面积率的计算模型，为研究砖房抗震墙基准面积率提供了新途径。探讨层数、楼层构造柱率、楼层墙率、层高等参数变化对砌体结构延性的影响；本课题的研究旨在为砖砌体结抗震鉴定和抗震设计提供理论依据。