基于跨层的无线网络抗干扰协议关键技术研究

As wireless networks become increasingly pervasive, the problem of radio interference and jamming will be inevitable, raising a threat to the availability of wireless services. Thus, the continuous need for highly available data delivery services over the entire lifetime of a wireless network necessitates that a strong defense against interference and jamming be built into any wireless system. Jamming/Radio interference has been traditionally addressed at the physical layer through signal modulation approaches, such as spread spectrum, and has been examined recently at the MAC layer. These single layer solutions primarily focus on the micro level, e.g., single nodes. To accomplish the missions of wireless networks, we propose the following transformative research to examine the opportunities for cross-layer solutions: (1) instead of using sophisticated PHY layer solutions which require costly new hardware, we should use existing commodity wireless platforms, (2) instead of focusing on protecting each individual node from radio interference in either the PHY or MAC layer, networks should manage their resources collaboratively across all layers to assure the availability of network services in the presence of jamming/radio interference. As such, the proposed effort is targeted at developing a suite of holistic solutions that monitor the radio environment and provide quick recovery to interrupted services in case of jamming or radio interference. The solutions include low-latency jamming detection algorithms, jamming localization strategies, jamming resistant multipath routing, and application-centric anti-jamming solutions. The proposed work will play an essential role in building jamming resistant wireless networks.

非故意干扰和恶意干扰攻击会使无线网络的通讯终断，从而影响到其可用性。因此，为了在无线网络的整个生命周期中都能提供高度可靠的数据传输服务，本项目研究能够抵抗干扰的防护措施。长久以来，抵御干扰问题都是在物理层通过扩频等方法解决，或者基于MAC层。这些解决方案主要侧重于微观层面，如单个传感器节点。为了保证无线网络通讯的安全可靠，使其不受干扰影响，我们提出一种跨层次的解决方案，我们的研究有以下特点：（1）摒弃了依赖于造价高昂的硬件资源物理层方案，设计适用于现有商用无线平台的方案。（2）摒弃了侧重于保护单个节点的单层方案，协同利用所有层的资源，保障网络数据通讯在受到干扰攻击时的可用性。基于这些研究亮点，我们整个方案包括四部分，分别是：低时延的干扰检测算法，干扰源定位策略，抗干扰的多路径路由协议和以应用为中心的抗干扰方案。我们所提出的方案将对增强无线网络的抗干扰性具有重要作用。

本项目对无线网络抗干扰技术进行了理论化、系统化的探索。针对当前无线网络面临的干扰问题，结合智能家居、电力系统、无线传感网络这一类应用背景，在引入多层信息和网络全局信息的基础上，提出一套的抗干扰解决方案。项目所提出的研究设计了一种跨物理层、MAC层、网络层、应用层的全局的解决方案，针对非故意或者恶意干扰攻击，都可以保证无线网络正常通讯，从而为各类网络应用提供可靠的无线通信服务。主要研究成果包括：1）提出了基于物理层和MAC层的低时延干扰检测算法；2）提出了基于物理层和MAC层的干扰源定位算法；3）设计了抗干扰多路径路由协议；4）设计了以应用为中心的抗干扰方案。提高了存量系统、资源受限无线系统的通讯抗干扰鲁棒性。