面向地质资源勘探的SnO2基一氧化碳传感器的研究

In the process of survey of geologic resource, gas-sensing detection of carbon monoxide is of great scientific significance. It is urgent to develop a simple, portable, online and fast carbon monoxide gas sensor. The following practical problems exist in the increasing sensitization technology of sensors: how to prepare nanoscale hierarchical structure as sensing materials, and how to solve the phenomenon of easy reunion, easy loss and low efficiency in the use of noble metal nanoparticles. According to the special environment of survey of geologic resource, this project intends to carry out the following research: (1) hierarchical structure SnO2 in nanoscale and atomic grade noble metal nanoparticles distributed on the surface and inside of hierarchical structure SnO2 are proposed to improve sensitivity, selectivity and stability of carbon monoxide sensor, study on the increasing of sensitizing process and mechanism of sensing materials; (2) the high humidity, variable temperature, and interference gases coexist of the test gases, put forward new sensor device process technology and practical evaluation of sensor in special environment to improve the gas-sensing properties of carbon monoxide sensor, explore carbon monoxide response mechanism. We expect that the implementation of this project not only develop a carbon monoxide sensor for practical application in survey of geologic resource, but also make new progress in the sensing mechanism of gas sensor.

在地质资源勘探中，一氧化碳的气敏检测具有极大的科学研究意义，亟待研发一种简单、便携、在线、快速的一氧化碳气敏传感器。然而，在传感器的增感技术中存在如下实际问题：如何制备纳米级分等级结构的敏感材料；如何解决贵金属纳米粒子利用过程中易团聚、易流失和效率低的现象。针对地质资源勘探的特殊环境，拟开展如下研究：（1）提出制备纳米尺寸的分等级结构SnO2和原子级贵金属纳米粒子，并将原子级贵金属纳米粒子均匀的分布于分等级结构SnO2的表面和内部来提高一氧化碳传感器的灵敏度、选择性和稳定性，探索敏感材料的增敏工艺及机理；（2）针对高湿、变温、多种干扰气体并存的待测气体，提出新型传感器件工艺和传感器在特殊环境下的实际应用评估进一步提升一氧化碳传感器的气敏性能，探索一氧化碳响应机理。本项目的实施不仅期望研制出实际应用在地质资源勘探领域中的一氧化碳传感器；而且还期待在传感器的敏感机理方面取得进展。

一氧化碳作为地质资源勘探中的重要气体，具有非常重要的检测意义。为了研发便携、在线、快速的一氧化碳传感器。首先，通过制备纳米尺寸的分等级结构，再制备高分散性、高稳定性、高分布、高利用效率的原子级的贵金属纳米粒子，来提高一氧化碳传感器的灵敏度、选择性和稳定性，并且最低检测下限达到了1ppm；然后，以此高性能的敏感材料制备传感器件，并在实用环境中对一氧化碳气体传感器进行特性评估；分析材料增敏机理、器件增敏机理、测试传感器的实用化参数，指导敏感材料的制备与器件加工技术，为一氧化碳传感器更好的应用在地质资源勘探领域提供技术保障。