植物功能性状驱动南亚热带季风常绿阔叶林演替的机理研究

Plant functional traits refers to the plant morphological, physiological and phenological adaptation traits, which are formed during the interaction with the environment. Research on plant functional traits helps to understand the driving mechanism during the process of forest succession. The climax in lower sub-tropical area is monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest, due to human disturbance, current vegetation is mainly plantations and degraded hilly land. To further explore the restoration or succession mechanism of lower subtropical forest ecosystem, we select successional series communities including degraded hilly land, pine forest, coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest, and monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest at Dinghushan, Baiyunshan, and Dalingshan as target, and measure 10 plant functional traits of dominant plant species in all the communities, and build the species- plant functional traits matrix, and then study the change of plant function traits and functional diversity during the monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest succession process, and look for the relationship between the plant functional traits diversity and ecological factors. The results can be in a deep understanding of the driving force mechanism during the process of forest restoration or succession, but also helps to understand the interaction mechanism between vegetation and environment during forest succession. The findings in this study can be also applied in forest restoration and management practices.

植物功能性状是植物与环境相互作用过程中形成的形态、生理和物候方面的适应性状，它有助于理解森林演替过程中植物与环境相互作用的驱动机理。南亚热带的顶极植被是季风常绿阔叶林，由于人为干扰，现状植被主要为人工林和退化草坡。为深入探讨南亚热带森林生态系统演替机理，拟以鼎湖山、白云山和大岭山的草坡、针叶林、针阔叶混交林和季风常绿阔叶林演替序列为对象，测定不同演替阶段群落的物种多样性和植物功能性状，分析植物群落功能性状多样性随演替进程的变化规律，同时探讨植物功能性状多样性与环境因子的关系。研究结果可以深入理解季风常绿阔叶林演替的驱动力机理，结果可用于指导森林管理和恢复实践。

从植物功能性状角度研究森林演替可理解演替驱动机理。以南亚热带鼎湖山、白云山和大岭山的草坡、针叶林、针阔叶混交林和季风常绿阔叶林演替序列为对象，测定了各群落的物种多样性和植物功能性状，分析植物群落功能性状多样性随演替进程的变化规律，探讨植物功能性状多样性与环境因子的关系。结果表明：（1）不同地点的季风常绿阔叶林优势种的功能性状差异显著，而且植物功能性状间的权衡关系有所变化；不同地点森林群落功能多样性存在差异，且土壤因子对群落的功能多样性有显著的影响。（2）在演替早期较开阔的环境中，植物将大量的资源投入到生长、竞争方面，而在防御、生殖方面的投资相对较少；在演替后期随森林郁闭度的增加，植物会加大在防御、生殖方面的投资，出现生长、防御、生殖策略多样化的趋势。（3）演替过程中生境过滤在演替早期阶段起主导作用；随机过程在演替中期发挥主导作用；生境过滤和竞争排斥共同在演替后期发挥作用。（4）土壤养分可利用性可直接或间接影响群落的功能多样性，其中，土壤pH值、土壤P含量、不同形态的N含量对南亚热带森林演替进程具有重要的驱动作用。这些研究结果可以深入理解季风常绿阔叶林演替的驱动力机理，还可用于指导森林管理和恢复实践。