穿越活动断层隧道工程在位错与地震动作用下的灾变过程及机理研究

As many as 495 active faults have been identified in the mainland China, and with the rapid development of the infrastructure constructions, it is an inevitable fact that tunnel engineering would be built through active faults. At present, since the detection and localization of active faults have made great progress, which bring benefits to investigate the possible damage from active faults towards tunnel engineering and the response behaviors and failure mechanisms under fault actions. Therefore it is of great significance to carry out the anti-dislocation and anti-seismic action study of tunnel engineering in terms of active faults, and this methodology route will be more reasonable and accurate. This project will propose an evaluation method for tunnel engineering through active faults. The objective is to provide an anti-seismic method according to the failure mechanism of tunnel engineering under the dislocation and ground motion generated by active faults. Based on sound reliable data that encompasses the fault mechanisms and corresponding seismic damage, the correlations between the active faults and tunnel damage will be established. With the investigation of the influenced degree and influenced range, the hazards of active faults on tunnel engineering will be evaluated; by establishing the 3D fault dislocation model and 3D seismic evaluation model according to active faults, the time-space seismic response process of tunnel engineering behavior under dislocation and ground motion as well as the coupling action of both two will be studied in order to understand the seismic response characteristics and damage mechanism, where the effective anti-seismic methods will be proposed accordingly.

我国大陆已查明的活动断层多达495条，随着基本建设的高速发展，隧道工程穿越活动断层成为不可避免的事实。目前，活动断层探测与精确定位研究已经取得很大进展，因此研究把握活动断层对于隧道工程的危害性和隧道在断层作用下的反应行为和灾变机理，依据活动断层开展隧道工程的抗位错和抗震动研究具有重要意义，而且更具有合理性和确切性。本课题拟将提出活动断层对于隧道的危害性评价方法，把握基于活动断层位错与地震动作用下隧道工程的反应过程和破坏机理，提出相应的抗震（位错与震动）方法作为目标。首先通过震害数据结合地震断层机制，把握断层与隧道破坏的相关性，研究对于隧道的影响程度和影响范围，评价活动断层对于隧道工程的危害性；建立基于活动断层的三维断层位错和三维地震动评价模型，研究隧道工程在断层作用下位错，地震动及两者耦合效应下的时-空地震反应过程，把握其地震反应特征和灾变机理；进而基于灾变过程提出可量化的抗震方法。

随着国家基本建设的高速发展，长大隧道工程穿越活动断层已经成为不可避免的事实。依据活动断层探测与精确定位研究已经取得的成果，研究把握活动断层对于隧道工程的危害性和隧道在断层作用下的反应行为和灾变机理，依据活动断层开展隧道工程的抗位错和抗震动研究具有重要意义，而且更具有合理性和确切性。本项目将穿越活动断层隧道工程在位错与地震动共同作用下的灾变过程及机理分析作为一个整体开展研究。按照研究计划，通过世界范围的震害数据分析，结合发震断层的震源机制，建立活动断层相对于隧道工程的空间位置与隧道破坏的相关性，评价把握活动断层对于隧道工程的危害性质，基于活动断层设定地震的三维地震破坏效应评价模型，结合隧道工程的大比例相似模型试验与理论模拟研究，把握隧道工程在断层作用下位错与地震动耦合效应下的时-空地震反应过程、反应特征及灾变机理，开展了基于多种位错与地震动共同作用场景下的隧道工程抗震方法分析。通过本课题的实施，研究把握了基于活动断层位错与地震动作用下隧道工程的反应过程和破坏机理，研究了长大隧道工程穿越活动断层的位错与震动耦合作用下的抗震方法。本课题的研究将长大隧道工程穿越活动断层相关研究推进了一步。