长江源典型河型中底栖动物群落格局及驱动因素研究

The source region of the Yangtze River is an important area for water resources conservation and ecological function, where ecosystems are very vulnerable, therefore, ecological management of rivers in this region has been being a major concern. Channel pattern is usually used in previous studies as classification index to distinguish different river types, and to explore the appropriate river management strategies. With regards to river patterns, those previous studies have been mostly restricted to fluvial morphology and river dynamics, but studies on ecological differences and their driving factors among different river patterns are lacking. In the source region of the Yangtze River, natural fluvial processes have developed kinds of river patterns. In view of the weak theoretical basis for ecological management of different river patterns, we plan to carry out a systematic field survey in five typical river patterns of the source region of the Yangtze River during low-flow, normal-flow and high-flow periods. Macrozoobenthos are used as indicators to assess river ecological status because their assemblage structure can indicate long-term changes in environments with high sensitivity. The contents of this study are threefold: 1) to describe habitat conditions and assemblage characteristics of macrozoobenthos; 2) to analyze the driving factors of assemblage patterns of macrozoobenthos; 3) to construct index systems and models of habitat assessment. Ultimately, an assessment methodological system for habitat quality will be preliminarily established through comprehensive analyses. The results can provide quantitative operational basis for ecological management of different patterns of rivers in the source region of the Yangtze River. Moreover, research ideas and methods of this project can provide technical supports for ecological management of these rivers which are disturbed by hydropower development.

长江源区生态环境十分脆弱，此区域的河流生态管理一直备受关注。研究者通常以河型作为分类指标来分析不同类型河流的管理策略。以往对不同河型的河流管理研究集中在河流地貌学和河流动力学方面，不同河型间生态环境差异及驱动因素的研究尚未开展。长江源区河床演变自然，发育了各种各样的河型。本项目针对不同河型的河流生态管理与相关理论基础薄弱之间的矛盾，以长江源区五种典型河型为研究对象，以对环境响应敏感且能指示环境长期变化的底栖动物作为指示生物，在枯、平和丰水期等不同河床演变时期开展调查和研究。内容包括：1）生境条件和底栖动物群落特征；2）底栖动物群落格局的驱动因素；3）生物栖息地评价指标体系和模型。通过综合分析，最终初步建立不同河型的生物栖息地质量评估方法体系。研究结果可为江源区河流生态管理提供定量的可操作依据，且所运用的研究思路和方法可为受水电开发影响的河流中不同河型的生态管理研究提供技术支撑。

长江源区生态环境十分脆弱，此区域的河流生态管理一直备受关注。研究者通常以河型作为分类指标来分析不同类型河流的管理策略。以往对不同河型的河流管理研究集中在河流地貌学和河流动力学方面，不同河型间生态环境差异及驱动因素的研究尚未开展。长江源区河床演变自然，发育了各种各样的河型。本项目针对不同河型的河流生态管理与相关理论基础薄弱之间的矛盾，以长江源区五种典型河型为研究对象，以对环境响应敏感且能指示环境长期变化的底栖动物作为指示生物，在枯、平和丰水期等不同河床演变时期开展调查和研究。内容包括：1）生境条件和底栖动物群落特征；2）底栖动物群落格局的驱动因素；3）生物栖息地评价指标体系和模型。通过综合分析，最终初步建立不同河型的生物栖息地质量评估方法体系。研究结果可为江源区河流生态管理提供定量的可操作依据，且所运用的研究思路和方法可为受水电开发影响的河流中不同河型的生态管理研究提供技术支撑。