基于光学调控机制的微纳颗粒悬浮液相界面特性及其颗粒动力学研究

Specific light irradiation may lead to the change of the dipole moment, surface potential, wettability, etc., of some micro- and nano-particles in liquid and affect their agglomeration. The aggregate size, shape, compactness etc. will, in turn, deeply affect the distribution of radiation field. Based on this, we propose an idea of using optical means to control the interface characteristics and dynamics behavior in micro- and nano-particle suspensions. By combined theoretical simulation and experimental measurement, we will comparatively investigate the movement, collision and deformation processes of non-spherical agglomerate structure in liquid phase under both dark and radiation conditions and establish a model of the interface characteristics and particle dynamics in micro- and nanoscale particle suspensions based on optical manipulation mechanism. The underlying mechanism for the interaction between fractal aggregates and the incident light will be revealed by in-depth investigation of the agglomeration, fragmentation and formation of various fractal structures for micro- and nano-particles in the liquid phase which will finally guide our development of the prototype optical device. The results of this study are expected to enrich and extend the basic theory for micro - and nano-scale particle liquid-solid two phase flow. In the future, it is possible to measure and control the particle fluid in a remote and non-contact manner with optical method. Conversely, through the precise regulation of the hydrodynamic characteristics of micro- and nano-particle fluid, the spectral characteristics of light may also be controlled, which is expected to be useful for solar energy system and various optical devices.

特定光照会使某些液相中微纳尺度颗粒的偶极矩、表面电位、润湿性等发生改变，从而影响其团聚进程；而团聚体尺寸、形状、紧凑程度等反过来又会深刻影响辐射光场的分布。基于此，本项目提出基于光学手段来调控微纳颗粒悬浮液相界面特性及其颗粒动力学行为的研究思路。项目将结合理论模拟和实验测量，对比研究暗态及辐射光场下非球形团聚结构在液相中的运动、碰撞、变形等过程，建立微纳颗粒悬浮体系相界面特性及其颗粒动力学行为的光学调控模型；通过深入研究辐射光场下微纳颗粒在液相中团聚、破碎及各种分形结构的形成规律，揭示颗粒聚团与光场的微观交互作用机制，并研制出功能化光学器件。研究成果有望丰富及扩展微纳尺度颗粒“液-固”两相流基础理论。未来可能通过光学手段实现对微纳颗粒流体的远程、非接触式测量及控制；反之，亦有可能通过微纳颗粒流体的水动力行为精确调控，反向调制入射光谱特性，从而将该技术运用于各种太阳能利用系统及光学器件中。

本项目提出基于光学手段来调控微纳颗粒悬浮液相界面特性及其颗粒动力学行为的研究思路，利用悬浮流体特殊的光学响应机制对其流动及悬浮分散特性进行调控，反过来又利用分散特性的改变来调节悬浮流体光学吸收及分频特性，从而成功将该技术运用于太阳能制氢系统中，实现动态分频、光热耦合、全光谱能量梯级利用。建立了微纳颗粒悬浮液相界面特性及其颗粒动力学行为的光学调控模型，揭示了液相中颗粒动态团聚规律及其与辐射场交互作用的微观机制。本项目围绕微纳尺度颗粒“固-液”两相流及其在多场耦合能质传递转化机理这一科学问题，不仅将传统研究向纳尺度扩展，也为各种基于微纳颗粒悬浮体系的可再生能源转化过程中优化提供理论指导。经过四年的研究，共计发表SCI检索期刊论文39篇，授权国家发明专利6项，申请6项，另有2项美国专利正在受理中，撰写英文专著一部，主编英文专著一部，制定国家标准一部。参与编写了2018年《中国氢能产业基础设施发展蓝皮书—低碳低成本氢源的实现路径》，担任中国可再生能源学会氢能专业委员会副主任，成果获得2017年国家自然科学二等奖，并获得国家杰出青年基金资助。培养毕业博士研究生5名，硕士研究生1名。基于本项目的光催化剂悬浮流体光谱自分频技术，本项目与国家电投新疆公司合作，在新疆塔城国家开发开放试验区启动了年产50万立方氢的太阳能制氢工业示范项目。