桂西北典型矿区重金属污染对儿童健康影响研究

Dachang(DC) mining area in Guangxi is one of the key nonferrous metal base in China. The heavymetal contamination is very serious due to the mining activities. The previous study shows that there is comprehensive pollution from Cadmium, Arsenic, Lead in soil, particles, vegetables. The total harzard index from all the environmental exposure pathways has been to 145 for adult and 560 for children,which is far over the acceptale level. The children is a sensitive community, and their health is cared very much by society. Cadmium, Arsenic, Lead possibly affect on the blood routine ( anemia ), liver function, pulmonary function, physical development, intelligence level of the child. It is essential to study the relationship between the environmental pollution and the children health. The external exposure and internal exposure of the children will be studied in this program, as well as blood routine, liver function, pulmonary function, physical development, IQ level of the child will also be detected. The relation beween environmental pollution and the children health will be worked out by the appropriate statistical analysis methods. This study will greatly enrich environmental pollution and child health research. And the research results will provide a scientific basis for the child health care work of the local, as well as to promote the local population health. At the same time,it also can provide reference for similar cases of child health care in china.

位于广西西北部的大厂矿区是我国重要的有色金属基地，矿业开采非常活跃，环境中重金属污染也异常突出，前期研究发现，当地土壤、大气、蔬菜等主要存在着镉、砷、铅等重金属复合污染，该矿区居民各环境暴露途径总的危害指数成人达145，儿童达560，远远超出正常接受水平。儿童是环境暴露中的敏感群体，儿童的健康备受关注。以上污染物质有可能影响到儿童的血常规（贫血）、肝功能、肺功能，体格发育、智力水平等，有必要从科学的角度研究环境污染对儿童健康的影响。本课题通过研究该地区儿童外暴露与内暴露情况，检测该矿区儿童各健康指标，包括血常规、肝功能、IQ、体格发育等指标，运用合理的统计分析方法，以图揭示重金属复合污染的环境暴露与儿童健康指标的相关性。本研究将极大地丰富我国环境污染与儿童健康研究内容，研究成果将为当地儿童保健工作提供科学依据，促进当地人口健康水平。同时也为我国类似地区儿童保健提供案例参考。

位于广西西北部的大厂矿区是我国重要的有色金属基地，矿业开采非常活跃，环境中重金属污染也异常突出，当地土壤、大气、蔬菜等主要存在着镉、砷、铅等重金属复合污染。儿童是环境暴露中的敏感群体，儿童的健康备受关注。以上污染物质有可能影响到儿童的血常规（贫血）、肝功能、肾功能，体格发育、智力水平等，有必要从科学的角度研究环境污染对儿童健康的影响。本课题通过研究该地区儿童外暴露与内暴露情况，检测该矿区儿童各健康指标，包括血常规、肾功能、肝功能、IQ、体格发育等指标，以图揭示重金属复合污染的环境暴露与儿童健康指标的相关性。研究发现，该矿区儿童有35.1%血铅超过我国血铅控制值100µg/L。该地区主要的环境铅暴露途径是尘土的摄入，风险贡献率达86.3%。因此对本地区血铅的干预应重点考虑尘土的防控与治理。同时发现儿童血铅水平越高，给儿童体格和智能发育以及甲状腺功能带来的负面影响越为严重。本研究将极大地丰富我国环境污染与儿童健康研究内容，研究成果将为当地儿童保健工作提供科学依据。